#include "PlotView.hpp"

#include <algorithm>
#include <cmath>
#include <cstring>
#include <limits>

#include "Utf8Util.hpp"

namespace jdi
{



	namespace
	{
		const int kTimeTickTarget = 10;				/**< 时间轴期望刻度数。 */
		const int kYTickTarget = 6;					/**< 幅值轴期望刻度数（网格较高时）。 */
		const int kYTickTargetMin = 3;				/**< 幅值轴最少刻度数（网格很矮时也要保证可读数）。 */
		const int kYTickTargetMax = 8;				/**< 幅值轴最多刻度数。 */
		const float kYTickSpacing = 28.0f;			/**< 幅值刻度之间的理想间距（逻辑像素）。 */
		const float kYLabelMinGap = 15.0f;			/**< 幅值标签的最小行距（逻辑像素）。 */
		const int kMinorDivisions = 5;				/**< 相邻主刻度之间的等分数（用于估读）。 */
		const unsigned int kMinorLineAlpha = 0x9Au;	/**< 辅助等分线的透明度（越高越清晰）。 */
		const float kScrollBarThickness = 9.0f;		/**< 滚动条宽度（逻辑像素）。 */
		const float kLanePadding = 8.0f;			/**< 网格内边距。 */
		const size_t kMaxPolylinePoints = 20000;	/**< 单条折线最大顶点数（上限保护）。 */
		const size_t kPolylinePointsPerPixel = 2;	/**< 每个像素列允许的折线顶点数（上/下包络两顶点）。 */
		const size_t kMinPolylinePoints = 512;		/**< 折线最少顶点数（窗口很窄时仍保留细节）。 */
		const float kEnvelopeMinPixelSpan = 0.5f;	/**< 包络纵向跨度小于该像素值时合并为单个顶点。 */
		const size_t kMaxScatterPoints = 2500;		/**< 单条散点最大绘制点数。 */
		const size_t kPolylineCacheLimit = 64;		/**< 折线顶点缓存条目上限。 */
		const float kMinScatterRadius = 1.6f;		/**< 散点最小半径（逻辑像素）。 */
		const float kMaxScatterRadius = 12.0f;	/**< 散点最大半径（逻辑像素）。 */
		const float kScatterRadiusScale = 1.5f;	/**< 散点半径相对线宽的增长系数。 */
		const double kMinTimeSpan = 1.0e-12;		/**< 允许的最小时间跨度。 */
		const float kPlotSidePadding = 8.0f;		/**< 绘图区左右留白（逻辑像素）。 */
		const float kLaneDividerWidth = 2.0f;		/**< 网格之间分界线的宽度。 */
		const float kSignalHitTolerance = 6.0f;	/**< 信号曲线命中容差（逻辑像素）。 */
		const float kCursorSnapMinPixels = 6.0f;	/**< 光标吸附采样点的最小采样间隔（逻辑像素）。 */
		const float kLaneLabelPad = 6.0f;		/**< 网格内侧标尺带的内边距。 */
		const float kLegendHeight = 19.0f;		/**< 图例条目高度（逻辑像素）。 */
		const float kLegendPad = 5.0f;			/**< 图例相对网格左上角的内缩。 */
		const float kLegendSwatchSize = 8.0f;	/**< 图例色块尺寸。 */
		const float kLegendItemGap = 14.0f;		/**< 图例条目之间的间距。 */
		const float kLegendMaxTextWidth = 200.0f;	/**< 图例条目的文本宽度上限（超出则省略）。 */
		const float kLaneBadgeWidth = 30.0f;		/**< 网格编号徽标宽度（与信号面板保持一致）。 */
		const float kLaneBadgeHeight = 17.0f;		/**< 网格编号徽标高度。 */
		const float kLaneBadgeGap = 8.0f;		/**< 编号徽标与图例条目之间的间距。 */
		const float kEdgePanelWidth = 230.0f;		/**< 边沿统计浮动面板宽度。 */
		const float kEdgePanelTitleHeight = 26.0f;	/**< 面板标题栏高度。 */
		const float kEdgePanelRowHeight = 18.0f;	/**< 面板内单行文本高度。 */
		const float kEdgePanelPad = 7.0f;		/**< 面板内边距。 */
		const float kEdgePanelEditHeight = 30.0f;	/**< 中心轴面板底部编辑行高度。 */
		const float kEdgePanelEditFieldWidth = 64.0f;	/**< 编辑行数值框的最小宽度。 */
		const float kEdgePanelEditFieldGap = 8.0f;	/**< 编辑行说明文字与数值框之间的间隔。 */
		const std::uint64_t kHintHoldMs = 1300;	/**< 提示浮层完全显示的停留时长（毫秒）。 */
		const std::uint64_t kHintFadeMs = 500;	/**< 提示浮层的淡出时长（毫秒）。 */

		/**
		 * @brief 时间间隔的显示单位。
		 */
		struct DurationUnit
		{
			double scale = 1.0;			/**< 1 个该单位等于多少秒。 */
			const wchar_t* name = L"s";	/**< 单位名称。 */
		};

		/**
		 * @brief 把时间间隔格式化为"Δt 语义"的复合单位文本。
		 *
		 * 规则（用户明确要求）：
		 * - 顶级单位高于 s（即 h / min）时**一路整合到 s**，例如 3662s → "1h 1min 2s"；
		 * - 顶级单位为 s 及以下时，若不是该单位的整数，则**向下一级递进**，
		 *   例如 5.06s → "5s 60ms"；整秒数不加下级单位，例如 5s → "5s"；
		 * - 顶级单位为 ps 时**不再递进次级单位**，例如 5.123ps → "5.123 ps"。
		 *
		 * @param [IN] seconds 时间间隔（秒）。
		 * @return 不含 "Δt" 前缀的间隔文本。
		 */
		std::wstring FormatDurationCompound(double seconds)
		{
			if (!std::isfinite(seconds))
			{
				return L"—";
			}
			const double value = std::fabs(seconds);
			if (value <= 0.0)
			{
				return L"0s";
			}

			// ---- 顶级单位高于 s（h / min）：整合为 h/min/s（整数秒）----
			// 注意条件必须是 >= 60s：1~60s 属于"顶级单位为 s"的情况，需按下一条规则处理
			// （非整数秒要递进到 ms，例如 5.06s → "5s 60ms"）。
			if (value >= 60.0)
			{
				const long long totalSeconds = static_cast<long long>(std::llround(value));
				long long hours = 0;
				long long minutes = 0;
				long long secs = totalSeconds;
				if (totalSeconds >= 3600)
				{
					hours = totalSeconds / 3600;
					secs = totalSeconds % 3600;
				}
				if (secs >= 60)
				{
					minutes = secs / 60;
					secs = secs % 60;
				}

				std::wstring text;
				const auto append = [&text](long long amount, const wchar_t* unit)
				{
					if (amount <= 0)
					{
						return;
					}
					if (!text.empty())
					{
						text += L" ";
					}
					text += std::to_wstring(amount);
					text += unit;
				};
				append(hours, L"h");
				append(minutes, L"min");
				append(secs, L"s");
				if (!text.empty())
				{
					return text;
				}
			}

			// ---- 顶级单位为 s：整数秒 + 可选 ms ----
			if (value >= 1.0)
			{
				const double whole = std::floor(value);
				const double fraction = value - whole;
				std::wstring text = FormatValue(whole) + L"s";
				const double remainderMs = fraction * 1000.0;
				if (remainderMs >= 1.0e-6)
				{
					text += L" ";
					text += FormatValue(remainderMs);
					text += L"ms";
				}
				return text;
			}

			// ---- 顶级单位低于 s：ms / us / ns / ps ----
			const DurationUnit subUnits[] = {
			    {1.0e-3, L"ms"}, {1.0e-6, L"us"}, {1.0e-9, L"ns"}, {1.0e-12, L"ps"},
			};
			const std::size_t subCount = sizeof(subUnits) / sizeof(subUnits[0]);
			std::size_t index = subCount - 1;
			for (std::size_t i = 0; i < subCount; ++i)
			{
				if (value >= subUnits[i].scale)
				{
					index = i;
					break;
				}
			}

			// 顶级单位为 ps：不再递进次级单位（保留小数）。
			if (index + 1 >= subCount)
			{
				return FormatValue(value / subUnits[index].scale) + L" " + subUnits[index].name;
			}

			const double scaled = value / subUnits[index].scale;
			double whole = std::floor(scaled);
			double fraction = scaled - whole;
			// 浮点误差可能导致 fraction 极接近 1（例如 4.9999999），归一化一下。
			if (fraction >= 1.0 - 1.0e-9)
			{
				whole += 1.0;
				fraction = 0.0;
			}

			std::wstring text = FormatValue(whole);
			text += subUnits[index].name;
			// 仍是该单位的整数 → 不显示下级单位。
			const double remainder = fraction * subUnits[index].scale;
			const double inNext = remainder / subUnits[index + 1].scale;
			if (inNext >= 1.0e-6)
			{
				text += L" ";
				text += FormatValue(inNext);
				text += subUnits[index + 1].name;
			}
			return text;
		}

		/**
		 * @brief 双光标差值的完整显示文本（"Δt：" + 复合单位间隔）。
		 * @param [IN] seconds 时间间隔（秒）。
		 * @return 形如 "Δt：1h 1min 2s" 的文本。
		 */
		std::wstring FormatSpanText(double seconds)
		{
			return L"Δt：" + FormatDurationCompound(seconds);
		}

		/**
		 * @brief 把时间间隔格式化为"秒"数值文本（不含单位），用于内联编辑。
		 *
		 * 编辑时的量级**始终是秒**：即使显示为 "1.5min"，双击编辑的内容也是 90。
		 *
		 * @param [IN] seconds 时间间隔（秒）。
		 * @return 形如 "60" 的文本。
		 */
		std::wstring FormatDurationSeconds(double seconds)
		{
			if (!std::isfinite(seconds))
			{
				return L"0";
			}
			return FormatValue(std::fabs(seconds));
		}

		/**
		 * @brief 按比例缩放颜色的 alpha 通道（用于提示浮层淡出）。
		 * @param [IN] argb 原始 0xAARRGGBB 颜色。
		 * @param [IN] alpha 新的 alpha（0-255）。
		 * @return 缩放后的颜色。
		 */
		std::uint32_t ScaleAlpha(std::uint32_t argb, unsigned int alpha)
		{
			const unsigned int a = std::min(255u, alpha);
			return (argb & 0x00FFFFFFu) | (a << 24);
		}

		/**
		 * @brief 判断颜色是否偏暗（用于在信号色底板上选择可读的文字颜色）。
		 * @param [IN] color 0xAARRGGBB 颜色值。
		 * @return 相对亮度低于阈值返回 true。
		 */
		bool IsDarkColor(std::uint32_t color)
		{
			const double r = static_cast<double>((color >> 16) & 0xFFu);
			const double g = static_cast<double>((color >> 8) & 0xFFu);
			const double b = static_cast<double>(color & 0xFFu);
			return (0.299 * r + 0.587 * g + 0.114 * b) < 140.0;
		}

		/**
		 * @brief 将数值限制到合法区间。
		 * @param [IN] value 输入值。
		 * @param [IN] low 下限。
		 * @param [IN] high 上限。
		 * @return 限制后的数值。
		 */
		double ClampDouble(double value, double low, double high)
		{
			if (value < low)
			{
				return low;
			}
			if (value > high)
			{
				return high;
			}
			return value;
		}

		/**
		 * @brief 组装图例文本：使用信号当前显示名（用户重命名后立即生效）。
		 * @param [IN] data 信号数据。
		 * @return 图例文本。
		 */
		std::wstring BuildLegendText(const SignalData& data)
		{
			return data.Title();
		}

		/**
		 * @brief 将信号样式颜色按不透明度换算为实际绘制颜色。
		 * @param [IN] style 信号样式。
		 * @return 叠加不透明度后的 0xAARRGGBB 颜色值。
		 */
		std::uint32_t StyleColor(const SignalStyle& style)
		{
			double opacity = static_cast<double>(style.opacity);
			if (opacity < 0.0)
			{
				opacity = 0.0;
			}
			if (opacity > 1.0)
			{
				opacity = 1.0;
			}
			return WithAlpha(style.color, static_cast<unsigned int>(opacity * 255.0 + 0.5));
		}
	}

	PlotView::PlotView() = default;

	PlotView::~PlotView()
	{
		ReleaseSceneCache();
	}

	void PlotView::Setup(const UiFonts* fonts, const Theme* theme)
	{
		m_fonts = fonts;
		m_theme = theme;
	}

	void PlotView::SetContext(DataSet* dataSet, TabConfig* tab)
	{
		m_dataSet = dataSet;
		m_dataSetWritable = dataSet;
		m_tab = tab;
		m_hoverLane = -1;
		m_dragMode = PlotDragMode::NONE;
		// 重新绑定数据源后旧的几何键不再有意义，必须清空折线缓存。
		InvalidatePolylineCache();
		InvalidateSceneCache();
		RefreshLanes();
	}

	void PlotView::SetScale(float scale)
	{
		m_scale = (scale > 0.1f) ? scale : 1.0f;
		InvalidateSceneCache();
	}

	bool PlotView::CursorEnabled() const
	{
		return Tab().CursorEnabled();
	}

	double PlotView::CursorTime() const
	{
		return Tab().CursorTime();
	}

	PlotCursorMode PlotView::CursorMode() const
	{
		return Tab().CursorMode();
	}

	double PlotView::ViewMinTime() const
	{
		return Tab().ViewMin();
	}

	double PlotView::ViewMaxTime() const
	{
		return Tab().ViewMax();
	}

	bool PlotView::HasDrawableContent() const
	{
		return (m_dataSet != nullptr) && !m_dataSet->Empty() && (m_tab != nullptr) && m_tab->AnyVisible();
	}

	void PlotView::TimeBounds(double& low, double& high) const
	{
		low = 0.0;
		high = 1.0;

		if (m_dataSet == nullptr || m_dataSet->Empty())
		{
			return;
		}

		// 优先使用可见信号所覆盖的范围，使视图随勾选内容自适应。
		if (m_tab != nullptr && m_tab->ComputeVisibleTimeBounds(*m_dataSet, low, high))
		{
			return;
		}

		low = m_dataSet->MinTime();
		high = m_dataSet->MaxTime();
		if (!(high > low))
		{
			high = low + 1.0;
		}
	}

	PlotView::ResolvedSignal PlotView::ResolveSignal(const SignalRef& ref) const
	{
		ResolvedSignal result;
		if (m_dataSet == nullptr)
		{
			return result;
		}
		result.data = m_dataSet->Resolve(ref);
		result.file = m_dataSet->FileAt(ref.fileIndex);
		result.style = m_dataSet->Style(ref);
		result.visible = (m_tab != nullptr) && m_tab->IsVisible(ref);
		return result;
	}

	void PlotView::Layout(const gd::RectF& area)
	{
		m_area = area;
		// 布局变化（窗口缩放、面板宽度调整、网格数量变化）后静态场景不再有效。
		InvalidateSceneCache();

		m_labelBandWidth = 66.0f * m_scale;
		m_timeAxisHeight = 34.0f * m_scale;
		m_minLaneHeight = 54.0f * m_scale;

		// 先为时间轴保留固定高度，剩余空间才交给网格，保证时间轴不会被挤压。
		const float topPadding = 6.0f * m_scale;
		const float availHeight = std::max(0.0f, area.Height - m_timeAxisHeight - topPadding);

		// 预估是否需要纵向滚动条：仅取决于网格数量与最小网格高度（网格之间不再留间隔）。
		std::size_t laneCount = (m_tab != nullptr) ? m_tab->Lanes().size() : 0;
		if (laneCount > 0)
		{
			const float needed = static_cast<float>(laneCount) * m_minLaneHeight;
			m_scrollBarVisible = (needed > availHeight);
		}
		else
		{
			m_scrollBarVisible = false;
		}

		const float sidePadding = kPlotSidePadding * m_scale;
		const float rightReserve = m_scrollBarVisible
		                              ? (kScrollBarThickness * m_scale + sidePadding)
		                              : sidePadding;
		const float plotWidth = std::max(0.0f, area.Width - sidePadding - rightReserve);

		m_plotRect = gd::RectF(area.X + sidePadding, area.Y + topPadding, plotWidth, availHeight);
		m_timeAxisRect =
		    gd::RectF(m_plotRect.X, m_plotRect.Y + m_plotRect.Height, m_plotRect.Width, m_timeAxisHeight);
		m_scrollBarRect = gd::RectF(area.X + area.Width - kScrollBarThickness * m_scale - 3.0f * m_scale,
		                            m_plotRect.Y, kScrollBarThickness * m_scale, m_plotRect.Height);

		BuildLaneVisuals();
	}

	void PlotView::RefreshLanes()
	{
		BuildLaneVisuals();
	}

	const SignalRef& PlotView::SelectedRef() const
	{
		static const SignalRef fallback;
		return (m_dataSet != nullptr) ? m_dataSet->Selected() : fallback;
	}

	void PlotView::SelectSignal(const SignalRef& ref)
	{
		if (m_dataSetWritable != nullptr)
		{
			m_dataSetWritable->SetSelected(ref);
		}
	}

	void PlotView::ClampLaneScroll()
	{
		const float maxOffset = std::max(0.0f, m_laneContentHeight - m_plotRect.Height);
		Tab().LaneScroll() = static_cast<float>(ClampDouble(Tab().LaneScroll(), 0.0, maxOffset));
	}

	bool PlotView::LaneSpansMultipleFiles(int laneIndex) const
	{
		if (m_tab == nullptr || laneIndex < 0 || laneIndex >= static_cast<int>(m_tab->Lanes().size()))
		{
			return false;
		}

		int firstFile = -1;
		for (const SignalRef& ref : m_tab->Lanes()[static_cast<std::size_t>(laneIndex)].signals)
		{
			const SignalStyle* style = m_dataSet->Style(ref);
			if (style == nullptr || !m_tab->IsVisible(ref))
			{
				continue;
			}
			if (firstFile < 0)
			{
				firstFile = ref.fileIndex;
			}
			else if (ref.fileIndex != firstFile)
			{
				return true;
			}
		}
		return false;
	}

	void PlotView::BuildLaneVisuals()
	{
		m_lanes.clear();

		if (m_tab == nullptr || m_dataSet == nullptr || !HasDrawableContent())
		{
			m_laneContentHeight = 0.0f;
			return;
		}

		const std::vector<Lane>& lanes = m_tab->Lanes();
		const std::size_t count = lanes.size();
		if (count == 0)
		{
			m_laneContentHeight = 0.0f;
			return;
		}

		const float gap = 0.0f;
		float laneHeight = m_plotRect.Height / static_cast<float>(count);
		if (laneHeight < m_minLaneHeight * m_scale)
		{
			laneHeight = m_minLaneHeight * m_scale;
		}
		m_laneContentHeight = laneHeight * static_cast<float>(count);
		ClampLaneScroll();

		const float scrollOffset = Tab().LaneScroll();

		m_lanes.resize(count);
		for (std::size_t index = 0; index < count; ++index)
		{
			LaneVisual& visual = m_lanes[index];
			visual.rect = gd::RectF(
			    m_plotRect.X,
			    m_plotRect.Y + static_cast<float>(index) * (laneHeight + gap) - scrollOffset,
			    m_plotRect.Width, laneHeight);
			m_tab->ComputeLaneRange(*m_dataSet, static_cast<int>(index), visual.yMin, visual.yMax);
			if (!(visual.yMax > visual.yMin))
			{
				visual.yMin = 0.0;
				visual.yMax = 1.0;
			}
		}
	}

	float PlotView::TimeToX(double time) const
	{
		const double viewMin = Tab().ViewMin();
		const double viewMax = Tab().ViewMax();
		const double span = viewMax - viewMin;
		if (!(span > 0.0) || m_plotRect.Width <= 0.0f)
		{
			return m_plotRect.X;
		}
		return m_plotRect.X + static_cast<float>((time - viewMin) / span * m_plotRect.Width);
	}

	double PlotView::XToTime(float x) const
	{
		const double viewMin = Tab().ViewMin();
		if (m_plotRect.Width <= 0.0f)
		{
			return viewMin;
		}
		const double ratio = static_cast<double>(x - m_plotRect.X) / static_cast<double>(m_plotRect.Width);
		return viewMin + ratio * (Tab().ViewMax() - viewMin);
	}

	float PlotView::ValueToY(double value, const LaneVisual& lane) const
	{
		const double span = lane.yMax - lane.yMin;
		if (!(span > 0.0))
		{
			return lane.rect.Y + lane.rect.Height * 0.5f;
		}

		double ratio = (value - lane.yMin) / span;
		ratio = ClampDouble(ratio, -50.0, 50.0);
		return lane.rect.Y + lane.rect.Height * static_cast<float>(1.0 - ratio);
	}

	double PlotView::YToValue(float y, const LaneVisual& lane) const
	{
		if (lane.rect.Height <= 0.0f)
		{
			return lane.yMin;
		}
		const double ratio = 1.0 - static_cast<double>(y - lane.rect.Y) / static_cast<double>(lane.rect.Height);
		return lane.yMin + ratio * (lane.yMax - lane.yMin);
	}

	int PlotView::LaneAtY(int y) const
	{
		const float fy = static_cast<float>(y);
		for (std::size_t index = 0; index < m_lanes.size(); ++index)
		{
			const gd::RectF& rect = m_lanes[index].rect;
			if (fy >= rect.Y && fy <= rect.Y + rect.Height)
			{
				return static_cast<int>(index);
			}
		}
		return -1;
	}

	void PlotView::ClampTimeView()
	{
		if (m_dataSet == nullptr || m_dataSet->Empty())
		{
			return;
		}

		double span = Tab().ViewMax() - Tab().ViewMin();
		if (!(span > 0.0))
		{
			span = kMinTimeSpan;
		}

		double dataMin = 0.0;
		double dataMax = 1.0;
		TimeBounds(dataMin, dataMax);

		const double pad = span * 2.0;
		const double minAllowed = dataMin - pad;
		const double maxAllowed = dataMax + pad;

		if (Tab().ViewMin() < minAllowed)
		{
			Tab().ViewMin() = minAllowed;
			Tab().ViewMax() = Tab().ViewMin() + span;
		}
		if (Tab().ViewMax() > maxAllowed)
		{
			Tab().ViewMax() = maxAllowed;
			Tab().ViewMin() = Tab().ViewMax() - span;
		}
	}

	void PlotView::ZoomTimeAt(double factor, double anchorTime)
	{
		if (m_dataSet == nullptr || m_dataSet->Empty() || !(factor > 0.0))
		{
			return;
		}

		double dataMin = 0.0;
		double dataMax = 1.0;
		TimeBounds(dataMin, dataMax);
		const double dataSpan = std::max(dataMax - dataMin, kMinTimeSpan);

		const double span = Tab().ViewMax() - Tab().ViewMin();
		double newSpan = ClampDouble(span / factor, dataSpan * 1.0e-9, dataSpan * 100.0);

		const double ratio = (span > 0.0) ? (anchorTime - Tab().ViewMin()) / span : 0.5;
		Tab().ViewMin() = anchorTime - ratio * newSpan;
		Tab().ViewMax() = Tab().ViewMin() + newSpan;
		ClampTimeView();
	}

	void PlotView::ZoomTimeStep(double factor)
	{
		const double anchor = (Tab().ViewMin() + Tab().ViewMax()) * 0.5;
		ZoomTimeAt(factor, anchor);
	}

	void PlotView::PanTimeByFraction(double fraction)
	{
		const double span = Tab().ViewMax() - Tab().ViewMin();
		const double delta = span * fraction;
		Tab().ViewMin() += delta;
		Tab().ViewMax() += delta;
		ClampTimeView();
	}

	void PlotView::ScrollLanesByFraction(double fraction)
	{
		Tab().LaneScroll() += static_cast<float>(fraction * static_cast<double>(m_laneContentHeight));
		// 立即重建几何，避免命中测试使用旧位置。
		BuildLaneVisuals();
	}

	void PlotView::FitAll()
	{
		if (m_dataSet == nullptr || m_dataSet->Empty())
		{
			Tab().ViewMin() = 0.0;
			Tab().ViewMax() = 1.0;
			Tab().ViewInitialized() = true;
			return;
		}

		double low = 0.0;
		double high = 1.0;
		TimeBounds(low, high);
		if (!(high > low))
		{
			const double padding = std::max(1.0e-6, std::fabs(low) * 0.01);
			low -= padding;
			high += padding;
		}

		Tab().ViewMin() = low;
		Tab().ViewMax() = high;
		Tab().ViewInitialized() = true;
		Tab().LaneScroll() = 0.0f;
		// 自适应即回到初始状态：退出拖拽缩放模式并放下进行中的选区与拖拽。
		Tab().ZoomMode() = PlotZoomMode::NONE;
		m_rubberRect = gd::RectF();
		m_dragMode = PlotDragMode::NONE;
		m_dragSignal = SignalRef();
		m_dragTargetLane = -1;
		m_hoverSignal = SignalRef();

		if (m_tab != nullptr)
		{
			// 适应视图 = 回到初始状态：全部网格恢复整段数据的自动自适应。
			// 「选区 Y 轴自适应」是用户设置项，这里保持不变。
			for (Lane& lane : m_tab->Lanes())
			{
				lane.autoRange = true;
			}
		}
		// 适应视图已回到初始状态，这里不再移动光标（光标允许停留在可视区外）。
		BuildLaneVisuals();
	}

	void PlotView::DisableCursor()
	{
		Tab().CursorMode() = PlotCursorMode::NONE;
		m_cursorHover = false;
		m_hoverCursor = 0;
		if (m_editTarget == PlotEditTarget::CURSOR_TIME || m_editTarget == PlotEditTarget::CURSOR_SPAN)
		{
			EndEdit(false);
		}
		if (m_dragMode == PlotDragMode::CURSOR_MOVE || m_dragMode == PlotDragMode::CURSOR_SPAN_MOVE)
		{
			m_dragMode = PlotDragMode::NONE;
		}
	}

	bool PlotView::CycleCursorMode()
	{
		// 三态循环：无 → 单光标 → 双光标 → 无。光标模式本身不显示提示。
		switch (Tab().CursorMode())
		{
		case PlotCursorMode::NONE:
		{
			Tab().CursorMode() = PlotCursorMode::SINGLE;
			// 首次启用时置于视图中心，随后可用鼠标靠近拖拽或双击指定精确时间。
			const double center = (Tab().ViewMin() + Tab().ViewMax()) * 0.5;
			Tab().CursorTime() = center;
			Tab().CursorTimeAlt() = center;
			m_cursorHover = true;
			m_hoverCursor = 1;
			m_activeCursor = 1;
			break;
		}
		case PlotCursorMode::SINGLE:
		{
			Tab().CursorMode() = PlotCursorMode::DOUBLE;
			// 光标 2 首次出现：紧邻光标 1 且必须落在当前可见时间范围内，
			// 这样无需额外操作就能立即看到两个光标的对比读数。
			const double low = Tab().ViewMin();
			const double high = Tab().ViewMax();
			const double span = (high > low) ? (high - low) : 1.0;
			const double offset = span * 0.12;
			double second = Tab().CursorTime() + offset;
			if (second > high - span * 0.02)
			{
				second = Tab().CursorTime() - offset;
			}
			if (second < low + span * 0.02 || second > high - span * 0.02)
			{
				second = low + span * 0.5;
			}
			Tab().CursorTimeAlt() = second;
			ClampCursorToView(2);
			m_cursorHover = true;
			m_hoverCursor = 2;
			m_activeCursor = 2;
			break;
		}
		case PlotCursorMode::DOUBLE:
		default:
			DisableCursor();
			break;
		}
		return true;
	}

	void PlotView::SetHint(const std::wstring& text)
	{
		m_hintText = text;
		m_hintSticky = false;
		m_hintShownAt = (text.empty()) ? 0 : GetTickCount64();
	}

	void PlotView::SetHintSticky(const std::wstring& text)
	{
		m_hintText = text;
		m_hintSticky = !text.empty();
		m_hintShownAt = (text.empty()) ? 0 : GetTickCount64();
	}

	void PlotView::ReleaseHint()
	{
		// 粘滞结束：从这里开始重新计时（先停留再淡出）。
		m_hintSticky = false;
		if (!m_hintText.empty())
		{
			m_hintShownAt = GetTickCount64();
		}
	}

	bool PlotView::HintNeedsAnimation() const
	{
		if (m_hintText.empty() || m_hintShownAt == 0)
		{
			return false;
		}
		if (m_hintSticky)
		{
			return true;
		}
		const std::uint64_t elapsed = GetTickCount64() - m_hintShownAt;
		return elapsed < (kHintHoldMs + kHintFadeMs);
	}

	double PlotView::CursorSpan() const
	{
		if (m_tab == nullptr || Tab().CursorMode() != PlotCursorMode::DOUBLE)
		{
			return 0.0;
		}
		return std::fabs(Tab().CursorTimeAlt() - Tab().CursorTime());
	}

	void PlotView::ClampCursorToView(int which)
	{
		if (m_tab == nullptr || m_plotRect.Width <= 0.0f)
		{
			return;
		}
		const double low = Tab().ViewMin();
		const double high = Tab().ViewMax();
		if (!(high > low))
		{
			return;
		}
		// 只在拖拽时夹取；留一点内缩，保证光标线及把手完整可见。
		// 视图变化（平移/缩放/自适应）**不**调用本函数：光标允许滞留在网格可视区域之外。
		const double inset = (high - low) * 0.002;
		if (which == 2)
		{
			Tab().CursorTimeAlt() = ClampDouble(Tab().CursorTimeAlt(), low + inset, high - inset);
		}
		else
		{
			Tab().CursorTime() = ClampDouble(Tab().CursorTime(), low + inset, high - inset);
		}
	}

	std::uint32_t PlotView::CursorColor(int which) const
	{
		// 两条光标统一使用同一样式与颜色（与光标 1 一致），不再按序号区分配色。
		(void)which;
		if (m_theme == nullptr)
		{
			return 0xFF000000u;
		}
		return m_theme->cursor;
	}

	bool PlotView::CancelDrag(bool showHint)
	{
		if (m_dragMode == PlotDragMode::NONE)
		{
			return false;
		}

		// 放弃当前拖拽：清空拖拽状态与尚未生效的缩放选区，不改动任何视图范围。
		// 调用方仍持有鼠标捕获，松开左键时会走 OnLButtonUp，
		// 此时拖拽模式已是 NONE，选区不会被应用到时间轴/幅值轴上。
		const bool wasRubber = (m_dragMode == PlotDragMode::RUBBER_SELECT);
		m_dragMode = PlotDragMode::NONE;
		m_rubberAxis = PlotRubberAxis::UNDECIDED;
		m_dragLane = -1;
		m_dragMoved = false;
		m_rubberRect = gd::RectF();
		m_dragSignal = SignalRef();
		m_dragTargetLane = -1;
		if (showHint && wasRubber)
		{
			SetHint(L"已放弃当前选区（右键放弃选区，Esc 退出选区放大）");
		}
		return true;
	}

	bool PlotView::ExitZoomModes()
	{
		if (m_tab == nullptr)
		{
			return false;
		}

		// 退出缩放模式：工具栏的「选区放大」按钮会在 Application::Render 中同步为未选中态。
		if (Tab().ZoomMode() == PlotZoomMode::NONE)
		{
			return false;
		}
		Tab().ZoomMode() = PlotZoomMode::NONE;
		SetHint(std::wstring());
		return true;
	}

	void PlotView::InvalidatePolylineCache()
	{
		m_polylineCache.clear();
		// 数据层结构变化后边沿统计与中心平均值曲线的派生结果都会失效。
		m_edgeCountCache.clear();
		m_edgeCenterCountCache.clear();
		m_centerCurveCache.clear();
		InvalidateSceneCache();
	}

	bool PlotView::FitTimeToLane(int laneIndex)
	{
		if (m_dataSet == nullptr || m_tab == nullptr)
		{
			return false;
		}

		const std::vector<Lane>& lanes = m_tab->Lanes();
		if (laneIndex < 0 || laneIndex >= static_cast<int>(lanes.size()))
		{
			return false;
		}

		double low = std::numeric_limits<double>::infinity();
		double high = -std::numeric_limits<double>::infinity();
		for (const SignalRef& ref : lanes[static_cast<std::size_t>(laneIndex)].signals)
		{
			const DataFile* file = m_dataSet->FileAt(ref.fileIndex);
			if (file == nullptr)
			{
				continue;
			}
			low = std::min(low, file->minTime);
			high = std::max(high, file->maxTime);
		}

		if (!std::isfinite(low) || !std::isfinite(high) || !(high > low))
		{
			return false;
		}

		Tab().ViewMin() = low;
		Tab().ViewMax() = high;
		Tab().ViewInitialized() = true;
		// 与“适应视图”保持一致：退出选区放大模式，避免模式按钮与实际状态不符。
		Tab().ZoomMode() = PlotZoomMode::NONE;
		m_rubberRect = gd::RectF();
		m_dragMode = PlotDragMode::NONE;
		m_rubberAxis = PlotRubberAxis::UNDECIDED;

		// 针对本网格信号范围展开时间轴后，同时把该网格的 Y 轴自适应一次，
		// 否则展开后会看到“时间对了但幅值区间不合适”的波形。
		AutoRangeLaneToView(laneIndex);

		// 注意：不在这里移动光标——光标允许滞留在网格可视区域之外。
		BuildLaneVisuals();
		return true;
	}

	bool PlotView::SampleSpacingPixels(const DataFile& file, double time, double& pixels) const
	{
		pixels = 0.0;

		const std::vector<double>& samples = file.time;
		if (samples.size() < 2 || m_plotRect.Width <= 1.0f)
		{
			return false;
		}

		const double viewSpan = Tab().ViewMax() - Tab().ViewMin();
		if (!(viewSpan > 0.0))
		{
			return false;
		}

		const int index = FindNearestSample(file, time);
		if (index < 0)
		{
			return false;
		}

		double spacing = 0.0;
		if (index > 0)
		{
			spacing = samples[static_cast<std::size_t>(index)] - samples[static_cast<std::size_t>(index) - 1];
		}
		else
		{
			spacing = samples[1] - samples[0];
		}
		// 时间轴非单调时前后差值可能为负，此时不做吸附。
		if (!(spacing > 0.0) || !std::isfinite(spacing))
		{
			return false;
		}

		pixels = spacing / viewSpan * static_cast<double>(m_plotRect.Width);
		return true;
	}

	bool PlotView::SnapTimeToSample(double time, double& snapped) const
	{
		if (m_dataSet == nullptr)
		{
			return false;
		}

		const double minPixels = static_cast<double>(kCursorSnapMinPixels) * static_cast<double>(m_scale);

		bool found = false;
		double bestDistance = std::numeric_limits<double>::infinity();
		double bestTime = 0.0;

		for (const DataFile& file : m_dataSet->Files())
		{
			// 只有采样点在屏幕上足够稀疏时才吸附，否则缩小视图后光标会“跳格”。
			double pixels = 0.0;
			if (!SampleSpacingPixels(file, time, pixels) || pixels < minPixels)
			{
				continue;
			}

			const int index = FindNearestSample(file, time);
			if (index < 0)
			{
				continue;
			}
			const double candidate = file.time[static_cast<std::size_t>(index)];
			if (!std::isfinite(candidate))
			{
				continue;
			}

			const double distance = std::fabs(candidate - time);
			if (distance < bestDistance)
			{
				bestDistance = distance;
				bestTime = candidate;
				found = true;
			}
		}

		if (found)
		{
			snapped = bestTime;
		}
		return found;
	}

	PlotZoomMode PlotView::CurrentZoomMode() const
	{
		return Tab().ZoomMode();
	}

	bool PlotView::ToggleZoomMode(PlotZoomMode mode)
	{
		const PlotZoomMode current = Tab().ZoomMode();
		Tab().ZoomMode() = (current == mode) ? PlotZoomMode::NONE : mode;
		m_rubberAxis = PlotRubberAxis::UNDECIDED;
		m_rubberRect = gd::RectF();
		SetHint(Tab().ZoomMode() == PlotZoomMode::NONE
		            ? std::wstring()
		            : L"横向或纵向拖动以放大选择区域，ESC退出选区模式");
		return true;
	}

	float PlotView::CursorX(int which) const
	{
		const double time = (which == 2) ? Tab().CursorTimeAlt() : Tab().CursorTime();
		return TimeToX(time);
	}

	float PlotView::CursorDisplayX(int which) const
	{
		// 光标允许滞留在可视区之外：此时把它"钉"在最近的网格边缘上显示，
		// 保证它的取值与时间读数始终可见。
		const float raw = CursorX(which);
		return std::max(m_plotRect.X + 1.0f * m_scale,
		                std::min(raw, m_plotRect.X + m_plotRect.Width - 1.0f * m_scale));
	}

	gd::RectF PlotView::CursorLabelRect(int which) const
	{
		if (m_fonts == nullptr || m_fonts->monoSmall == nullptr)
		{
			return gd::RectF();
		}

		// 未经叠放处理的"原始"位置：单条标签独占底部一行。
		const auto rawRect = [this](int index) -> gd::RectF
		{
			const double time = (index == 2) ? Tab().CursorTimeAlt() : Tab().CursorTime();
			const std::wstring text = FormatValue(time);
			const float width =
			    std::max(64.0f * m_scale, UiMeasureTextWidth(m_fonts->monoSmall, text) + 16.0f * m_scale);
			const float height = 20.0f * m_scale;

			// 时间读数改到绘图区**底部**：顶部留给网格图例与幅值标尺，避免互相遮挡。
			float left = CursorDisplayX(index) - width * 0.5f;
			left = std::max(m_plotRect.X, std::min(left, m_plotRect.X + m_plotRect.Width - width));
			const float top = m_plotRect.Y + m_plotRect.Height - height - 2.0f * m_scale;

			return gd::RectF(left, top, width, height);
		};

		gd::RectF rect = rawRect(which);

		// 双光标靠得很近时，两条时间读数标签会互相覆盖：
		// 把光标 2 的标签上移一层叠放，保证两侧读数都完整可见（不会被覆盖）。
		if (which == 2 && Tab().CursorMode() == PlotCursorMode::DOUBLE)
		{
			const gd::RectF first = rawRect(1);
			const float gap = 2.0f * m_scale;
			const bool overlapX = (rect.X < first.X + first.Width + gap) &&
			                      (first.X < rect.X + rect.Width + gap);
			if (overlapX)
			{
				rect.Y = std::max(m_plotRect.Y + 2.0f * m_scale, first.Y - rect.Height - gap);
			}
		}

		return rect;
	}

	bool PlotView::IsOnCursorLine(int x, int& which) const
	{
		which = 0;
		if (!Tab().CursorEnabled() || m_plotRect.Width <= 0.0f)
		{
			return false;
		}

		const float tolerance = 6.0f * m_scale;
		const float fx = static_cast<float>(x);

		// 双光标重叠时优先命中光标 1，避免出现“抓不起来第二条”的情况。
		// 使用"显示横坐标"：滞留在可视区外的光标被钉在边缘，也应该可以被抓住拖回来。
		if (std::fabs(fx - CursorDisplayX(1)) <= tolerance)
		{
			which = 1;
			return true;
		}
		if (Tab().CursorMode() == PlotCursorMode::DOUBLE && std::fabs(fx - CursorDisplayX(2)) <= tolerance)
		{
			which = 2;
			return true;
		}
		return false;
	}

	bool PlotView::IsOnCursorTimeLabel(int x, int y, int& which) const
	{
		which = 0;
		if (!Tab().CursorEnabled())
		{
			return false;
		}

		const float fx = static_cast<float>(x);
		const float fy = static_cast<float>(y);

		// 双光标重叠时优先命中光标 1（与光标线的命中顺序一致）。
		const int count = (Tab().CursorMode() == PlotCursorMode::DOUBLE) ? 2 : 1;
		for (int index = 1; index <= count; ++index)
		{
			const gd::RectF rect = CursorLabelRect(index);
			if (rect.Width > 0.0f && UiPointInRect(rect, fx, fy))
			{
				which = index;
				return true;
			}
		}
		return false;
	}

	bool PlotView::IsOnCursorSpanLabel(int x, int y) const
	{
		if (Tab().CursorMode() != PlotCursorMode::DOUBLE || m_cursorSpanRect.Width <= 0.0f)
		{
			return false;
		}
		return UiPointInRect(m_cursorSpanRect, static_cast<float>(x), static_cast<float>(y));
	}

	bool PlotView::ApplyTimeSelection(float x0, float x1)
	{
		if (m_plotRect.Width <= 0.0f)
		{
			return false;
		}

		float left = std::min(x0, x1);
		float right = std::max(x0, x1);
		left = std::max(left, m_plotRect.X);
		right = std::min(right, m_plotRect.X + m_plotRect.Width);
		if (right - left < 8.0f * m_scale)
		{
			return false;
		}

		double timeA = XToTime(left);
		double timeB = XToTime(right);
		if (timeB < timeA)
		{
			std::swap(timeA, timeB);
		}
		if (!(timeB - timeA > 0.0))
		{
			return false;
		}

		Tab().ViewMin() = timeA;
		Tab().ViewMax() = timeB;
		ClampTimeView();
		// 注意：不在这里移动光标——即使选区不包含光标，也只把它的读数贴在网格边缘显示。

		// 「选区 Y 轴自适应」开关开启的网格：时间选区放大后自动把 Y 轴匹配到新的可见区间。
		ApplySelectionAutoFit();
		return true;
	}

	bool PlotView::ApplyValueSelection(int laneIndex, float y0, float y1)
	{
		if (m_tab == nullptr || laneIndex < 0 || laneIndex >= static_cast<int>(m_lanes.size()))
		{
			return false;
		}

		const LaneVisual& visual = m_lanes[static_cast<std::size_t>(laneIndex)];
		if (visual.rect.Height <= 0.0f)
		{
			return false;
		}

		float top = std::min(y0, y1);
		float bottom = std::max(y0, y1);
		top = std::max(top, visual.rect.Y);
		bottom = std::min(bottom, visual.rect.Y + visual.rect.Height);
		if (bottom - top < 10.0f * m_scale)
		{
			return false;
		}

		const double valueTop = YToValue(top, visual);
		const double valueBottom = YToValue(bottom, visual);
		if (!(std::fabs(valueTop - valueBottom) > 0.0))
		{
			return false;
		}

		Lane& lane = m_tab->Lanes()[static_cast<std::size_t>(laneIndex)];
		lane.autoRange = false;
		// 手动 Y 轴选区放大：关闭本网格的「选区 Y 轴自适应」。
		lane.fitYToSelection = false;
		lane.yMin = std::min(valueTop, valueBottom);
		lane.yMax = std::max(valueTop, valueBottom);
		return true;
	}

	int PlotView::LaneIndexAt(int x, int y) const
	{
		if (!UiPointInRect(m_plotRect, static_cast<float>(x), static_cast<float>(y)))
		{
			return -1;
		}
		return LaneAtY(y);
	}

	bool PlotView::LaneAutoFitToSelection(int laneIndex) const
	{
		if (m_tab == nullptr || laneIndex < 0 || laneIndex >= static_cast<int>(m_tab->Lanes().size()))
		{
			return false;
		}
		return m_tab->Lanes()[static_cast<std::size_t>(laneIndex)].fitYToSelection;
	}

	bool PlotView::AllLanesAutoFitToSelection() const
	{
		if (m_tab == nullptr)
		{
			return false;
		}
		const std::vector<Lane>& lanes = m_tab->Lanes();
		if (lanes.empty())
		{
			return false;
		}
		for (const Lane& lane : lanes)
		{
			if (!lane.fitYToSelection)
			{
				// 任一网格未开启 → 全局项就不是勾选状态。
				return false;
			}
		}
		return true;
	}

	bool PlotView::LaneEdgeCount(int laneIndex) const
	{
		if (m_tab == nullptr || laneIndex < 0 || laneIndex >= static_cast<int>(m_tab->Lanes().size()))
		{
			return false;
		}
		return m_tab->Lanes()[static_cast<std::size_t>(laneIndex)].edgeCount;
	}

	bool PlotView::SetLaneEdgeCount(int laneIndex, bool enabled)
	{
		if (m_tab == nullptr || laneIndex < 0 || laneIndex >= static_cast<int>(m_tab->Lanes().size()))
		{
			return false;
		}
		Lane& lane = m_tab->Lanes()[static_cast<std::size_t>(laneIndex)];
		if (lane.edgeCount == enabled)
		{
			return false;
		}
		lane.edgeCount = enabled;
		if (enabled)
		{
			// 首次开启：把横向光标放到可见幅值范围的中点，并让面板重新展开。
			if (!lane.edgeValueValid)
			{
				double yMin = 0.0;
				double yMax = 1.0;
				LaneRange(laneIndex, yMin, yMax);
				lane.edgeValue = (yMin + yMax) * 0.5;
				lane.edgeValueValid = true;
			}
			lane.edgePanelOpen = true;
		}
		else
		{
			lane.edgePanelOpen = false;
		}
		return true;
	}

	bool PlotView::ToggleLaneEdgeCount(int laneIndex)
	{
		const bool enabled = !LaneEdgeCount(laneIndex);
		SetLaneEdgeCount(laneIndex, enabled);
		return enabled;
	}

	bool PlotView::LaneEdgeCenterCount(int laneIndex) const
	{
		if (m_tab == nullptr || laneIndex < 0 || laneIndex >= static_cast<int>(m_tab->Lanes().size()))
		{
			return false;
		}
		return m_tab->Lanes()[static_cast<std::size_t>(laneIndex)].edgeCenter;
	}

	bool PlotView::SetLaneEdgeCenterCount(int laneIndex, bool enabled)
	{
		if (m_tab == nullptr || laneIndex < 0 || laneIndex >= static_cast<int>(m_tab->Lanes().size()))
		{
			return false;
		}
		Lane& lane = m_tab->Lanes()[static_cast<std::size_t>(laneIndex)];
		if (lane.edgeCenter == enabled)
		{
			return false;
		}
		lane.edgeCenter = enabled;
		if (enabled)
		{
			if (lane.edgeCenterSmooth < 0)
			{
				lane.edgeCenterSmooth = 0;
			}
			lane.edgeCenterPanelOpen = true;
		}
		else
		{
			lane.edgeCenterPanelOpen = false;
		}
		return true;
	}

	bool PlotView::ToggleLaneEdgeCenterCount(int laneIndex)
	{
		const bool enabled = !LaneEdgeCenterCount(laneIndex);
		SetLaneEdgeCenterCount(laneIndex, enabled);
		return enabled;
	}

	const std::vector<float>& PlotView::CenterCurveFor(const SignalData& signal, int smooth) const
	{
		const int radius = std::max(0, smooth);
		for (const CenterCurveEntry& entry : m_centerCurveCache)
		{
			if (entry.signal == &signal && entry.smooth == radius)
			{
				return entry.values;
			}
		}

		CenterCurveEntry entry;
		entry.signal = &signal;
		entry.smooth = radius;
		entry.values.assign(signal.values.size(), std::numeric_limits<float>::quiet_NaN());

		const std::size_t count = signal.values.size();
		if (count > 0)
		{
			// 滑动窗口求和：窗口 = [max(0,i-N), min(count-1,i+N)]，
			// 每前进一步只增减边界处的两个采样点，整体 O(n)，不额外占用前缀和内存。
			double sum = 0.0;
			std::size_t finiteCount = 0;
			std::size_t windowLow = 0;
			std::size_t windowHigh = 0;	// 闭区间右端（尚未计入时为 0）。

			const auto addValue = [&sum, &finiteCount](double value)
			{
				if (std::isfinite(value))
				{
					sum += value;
					++finiteCount;
				}
			};
			const auto removeValue = [&sum, &finiteCount](double value)
			{
				if (std::isfinite(value))
				{
					sum -= value;
					--finiteCount;
				}
			};

			for (std::size_t index = 0; index < count; ++index)
			{
				const std::size_t low = (index > static_cast<std::size_t>(radius))
				                            ? (index - static_cast<std::size_t>(radius))
				                            : 0;
				const std::size_t high = std::min(count - 1, index + static_cast<std::size_t>(radius));

				if (index == 0)
				{
					windowLow = low;
					windowHigh = high;
					for (std::size_t i = windowLow; i <= windowHigh; ++i)
					{
						addValue(signal.values[i]);
					}
				}
				else
				{
					// 左端前移：移出旧左端（若已不在窗口内）。
					while (windowLow < low)
					{
						removeValue(signal.values[windowLow]);
						++windowLow;
					}
					// 右端前移：加入新右端。
					while (windowHigh < high)
					{
						++windowHigh;
						addValue(signal.values[windowHigh]);
					}
				}

				// 中心点本身无效（NaN）时该处不绘制曲线。
				if (finiteCount > 0 && std::isfinite(signal.values[index]))
				{
					entry.values[index] = static_cast<float>(sum / static_cast<double>(finiteCount));
				}
			}
		}

		m_centerCurveCache.push_back(std::move(entry));
		return m_centerCurveCache.back().values;
	}

	bool PlotView::CenterValueAt(const DataFile& file, const SignalData& signal, int smooth,
	                             double time, double& value) const
	{
		const int index = FindNearestSample(file, time);
		if (index < 0)
		{
			return false;
		}
		const std::vector<float>& curve = CenterCurveFor(signal, smooth);
		if (static_cast<std::size_t>(index) >= curve.size())
		{
			return false;
		}
		const float sampled = curve[static_cast<std::size_t>(index)];
		if (!std::isfinite(sampled))
		{
			return false;
		}
		value = static_cast<double>(sampled);
		return true;
	}

	void PlotView::EdgeCenterCountsFor(const DataFile& file, const SignalData& signal, int smooth,
	                                   bool hasRange, double rangeMin, double rangeMax,
	                                   std::size_t& rising, std::size_t& falling) const
	{
		rising = 0;
		falling = 0;

		for (const EdgeCenterCountEntry& entry : m_edgeCenterCountCache)
		{
			if (entry.file == &file && entry.signal == &signal && entry.smooth == smooth &&
			    entry.hasRange == hasRange && entry.rangeMin == rangeMin && entry.rangeMax == rangeMax)
			{
				rising = entry.rising;
				falling = entry.falling;
				return;
			}
		}

		const std::vector<float>& curve = CenterCurveFor(signal, smooth);
		const std::size_t count = std::min(curve.size(), signal.values.size());

		std::size_t begin = 0;
		std::size_t end = count;
		if (hasRange && file.timeMonotonic)
		{
			const std::vector<double>& times = file.time;
			const std::size_t timeCount = std::min(times.size(), count);
			begin = static_cast<std::size_t>(
			    std::lower_bound(times.begin(), times.begin() + static_cast<std::ptrdiff_t>(timeCount),
			                     rangeMin) -
			    times.begin());
			end = static_cast<std::size_t>(
			    std::upper_bound(times.begin(), times.begin() + static_cast<std::ptrdiff_t>(timeCount),
			                     rangeMax) -
			    times.begin());
			if (begin > 0)
			{
				--begin;
			}
			end = std::min(end, timeCount);
		}
		begin = std::min(begin, end);

		// 边沿判定：比较信号本身与其中心平均值曲线。
		// 信号由下向上越过中心曲线 → 上升沿；由上向下穿过 → 下降沿。
		bool hasPrevious = false;
		double previousDelta = 0.0;
		for (std::size_t index = begin; index < end; ++index)
		{
			const double value = signal.values[index];
			const float center = curve[index];
			if (!std::isfinite(value) || !std::isfinite(center))
			{
				hasPrevious = false;
				continue;
			}
			if (hasRange && !file.timeMonotonic && index < file.time.size())
			{
				const double time = file.time[index];
				if (time < rangeMin || time > rangeMax)
				{
					hasPrevious = false;
					continue;
				}
			}

			const double delta = value - static_cast<double>(center);
			if (hasPrevious)
			{
				if (previousDelta < 0.0 && delta >= 0.0)
				{
					++rising;
				}
				else if (previousDelta > 0.0 && delta <= 0.0)
				{
					++falling;
				}
			}
			previousDelta = delta;
			hasPrevious = true;
		}

		EdgeCenterCountEntry entry;
		entry.file = &file;
		entry.signal = &signal;
		entry.smooth = smooth;
		entry.hasRange = hasRange;
		entry.rangeMin = rangeMin;
		entry.rangeMax = rangeMax;
		entry.rising = rising;
		entry.falling = falling;
		m_edgeCenterCountCache.push_back(entry);
	}

	void PlotView::EdgeCountsFor(const DataFile& file, const SignalData& signal, double edgeValue,
	                             bool hasRange, double rangeMin, double rangeMax, std::size_t& rising,
	                             std::size_t& falling) const
	{
		rising = 0;
		falling = 0;

		// 缓存键必须包含横向光标幅值与时间区间：拖动光标或拖动时间光标都会改变统计结果。
		for (const EdgeCountEntry& entry : m_edgeCountCache)
		{
			if (entry.file == &file && entry.signal == &signal && entry.hasRange == hasRange &&
			    entry.edgeValue == edgeValue && entry.rangeMin == rangeMin && entry.rangeMax == rangeMax)
			{
				rising = entry.rising;
				falling = entry.falling;
				return;
			}
		}

		// 采样范围：时间单调时二分定位，否则按区间过滤（与波形绘制的处理一致）。
		std::size_t begin = 0;
		std::size_t end = signal.values.size();
		if (hasRange && file.timeMonotonic)
		{
			const std::vector<double>& times = file.time;
			const std::size_t count = std::min(times.size(), signal.values.size());
			begin = static_cast<std::size_t>(
			    std::lower_bound(times.begin(), times.begin() + static_cast<std::ptrdiff_t>(count),
			                     rangeMin) -
			    times.begin());
			end = static_cast<std::size_t>(
			    std::upper_bound(times.begin(), times.begin() + static_cast<std::ptrdiff_t>(count),
			                     rangeMax) -
			    times.begin());
			if (begin > 0)
			{
				// 区间左侧补一个采样点：跨越区间边界的边沿也能被计入。
				--begin;
			}
			end = std::min(end, count);
		}
		else if (hasRange)
		{
			end = std::min(end, signal.values.size());
		}
		begin = std::min(begin, end);

		// 边沿判定：以横向光标的幅值 edgeValue 为阈值。
		// 信号从下往上穿越 → 上升沿；从上往下穿越 → 下降沿。
		bool hasPrevious = false;
		double previous = 0.0;
		for (std::size_t index = begin; index < end; ++index)
		{
			const double value = signal.values[index];
			if (!std::isfinite(value))
			{
				// NaN 视为断点：不参与边沿判定，也不与前一点相连。
				hasPrevious = false;
				continue;
			}
			if (hasRange && !file.timeMonotonic && index < file.time.size())
			{
				const double time = file.time[index];
				if (time < rangeMin || time > rangeMax)
				{
					hasPrevious = false;
					continue;
				}
			}

			if (hasPrevious)
			{
				const double before = previous - edgeValue;
				const double after = value - edgeValue;
				if (before < 0.0 && after >= 0.0)
				{
					++rising;
				}
				else if (before > 0.0 && after <= 0.0)
				{
					++falling;
				}
			}
			previous = value;
			hasPrevious = true;
		}

		EdgeCountEntry entry;
		entry.file = &file;
		entry.signal = &signal;
		entry.edgeValue = edgeValue;
		entry.hasRange = hasRange;
		entry.rangeMin = rangeMin;
		entry.rangeMax = rangeMax;
		entry.rising = rising;
		entry.falling = falling;
		m_edgeCountCache.push_back(entry);
	}

	float PlotView::EdgePanelWidth(int laneIndex, bool centerAxis) const
	{
		if (m_tab == nullptr || m_fonts == nullptr || laneIndex < 0 ||
		    laneIndex >= static_cast<int>(m_tab->Lanes().size()))
		{
			return kEdgePanelWidth * m_scale;
		}
		const Lane& lane = m_tab->Lanes()[static_cast<std::size_t>(laneIndex)];

		// 标题行 = “GX” 徽标 + 标题（“边沿计数” / “中心轴边沿计数” + 光标区间尾缀）。
		const std::wstring title = (centerAxis ? L"中心轴边沿计数" : L"边沿计数") + EdgeRangeSuffix();
		float width = kEdgePanelPad * 2.0f * m_scale + kLaneBadgeWidth * m_scale +
		              8.0f * m_scale + UiMeasureTextWidth(m_fonts->uiSmall, title) +
		              kEdgePanelTitleHeight * m_scale;

		// 数据行 = 名称与“上升沿 N / 下降沿 M”两行，取较宽者。
		// 用 UiMeasureTextWidth（无省略号）测量，保证数字完整显示。
		for (const SignalRef& ref : lane.signals)
		{
			const ResolvedSignal resolved = ResolveSignal(ref);
			if (resolved.data == nullptr || !resolved.visible)
			{
				continue;
			}
			const float nameWidth = UiMeasureTextWidth(m_fonts->uiSmall, resolved.data->Title());
			std::size_t rising = 0;
			std::size_t falling = 0;
			if (centerAxis)
			{
				EdgeCenterCountsFor(*resolved.file, *resolved.data, lane.edgeCenterSmooth,
				                    EdgeRangeActive(), EdgeRangeMin(), EdgeRangeMax(), rising, falling);
			}
			else
			{
				EdgeCountsFor(*resolved.file, *resolved.data, lane.edgeValue, EdgeRangeActive(),
				              EdgeRangeMin(), EdgeRangeMax(), rising, falling);
			}
			const float countWidth =
			    UiMeasureTextWidth(m_fonts->monoSmall,
			                       L"上升沿 " + std::to_wstring(rising) + L"    下降沿 " +
			                           std::to_wstring(falling));
			width = std::max(width, kEdgePanelPad * 2.0f * m_scale + std::max(nameWidth, countWidth));
		}

		if (centerAxis)
		{
			// 底部编辑行 = “平滑点数”说明文字 + 数值框（与菜单内联编辑同一套排版习惯）。
			const float editWidth =
			    UiMeasureTextWidth(m_fonts->uiSmall, L"平滑点数 N") + kEdgePanelEditFieldGap * m_scale +
			    std::max(kEdgePanelEditFieldWidth * m_scale,
			             UiMeasureTextWidth(m_fonts->monoSmall, std::to_wstring(lane.edgeCenterSmooth)) +
			                 20.0f * m_scale);
			width = std::max(width, kEdgePanelPad * 2.0f * m_scale + editWidth);
		}

		// 夹在绘图区宽度之内（过窄的网格也不至于把面板挤到外面）。
		return std::min(width, std::max(120.0f * m_scale, m_plotRect.Width - 8.0f * m_scale));
	}

	bool PlotView::EdgeRangeActive() const
	{
		return m_tab != nullptr && Tab().CursorMode() == PlotCursorMode::DOUBLE;
	}

	double PlotView::EdgeRangeMin() const
	{
		if (m_tab == nullptr)
		{
			return 0.0;
		}
		// 左右光标可能被拖动交换：始终取较小者为区间左端。
		return std::min(Tab().CursorTime(), Tab().CursorTimeAlt());
	}

	double PlotView::EdgeRangeMax() const
	{
		if (m_tab == nullptr)
		{
			return 0.0;
		}
		return std::max(Tab().CursorTime(), Tab().CursorTimeAlt());
	}

	std::wstring PlotView::EdgeRangeSuffix() const
	{
		return EdgeRangeActive() ? std::wstring(L"（光标区间内）") : std::wstring();
	}

	bool PlotView::ToggleLaneAutoFitToSelection(int laneIndex)
	{
		if (m_tab == nullptr || laneIndex < 0 || laneIndex >= static_cast<int>(m_tab->Lanes().size()))
		{
			return false;
		}
		Lane& lane = m_tab->Lanes()[static_cast<std::size_t>(laneIndex)];
		lane.fitYToSelection = !lane.fitYToSelection;
		if (lane.fitYToSelection)
		{
			// 打开时立即按当前视图自适应一次，否则当前量程不合适时看不到任何变化。
			AutoRangeLaneToView(laneIndex);
		}
		return lane.fitYToSelection;
	}

	void PlotView::ApplyAutoFitToSelectionNow(int laneIndex)
	{
		if (m_tab == nullptr || laneIndex < 0 || laneIndex >= static_cast<int>(m_tab->Lanes().size()))
		{
			return;
		}
		if (!m_tab->Lanes()[static_cast<std::size_t>(laneIndex)].fitYToSelection)
		{
			return;
		}
		AutoRangeLaneToView(laneIndex);
	}

	void PlotView::ApplyAllAutoFitToSelectionNow()
	{
		if (m_tab == nullptr)
		{
			return;
		}
		const std::size_t count = m_tab->Lanes().size();
		for (std::size_t index = 0; index < count; ++index)
		{
			ApplyAutoFitToSelectionNow(static_cast<int>(index));
		}
	}

	bool PlotView::SetAllLanesAutoFitToSelection(bool enabled, bool applyNow)
	{
		if (m_tab == nullptr)
		{
			return false;
		}
		bool changed = false;
		for (Lane& lane : m_tab->Lanes())
		{
			if (lane.fitYToSelection != enabled)
			{
				lane.fitYToSelection = enabled;
				changed = true;
			}
		}
		if (enabled && applyNow)
		{
			// 全局打开时立刻让每个网格都自适应一次，保证界面立刻反映开关状态。
			ApplyAllAutoFitToSelectionNow();
		}
		return changed;
	}

	bool PlotView::AutoRangeLaneToView(int laneIndex)
	{
		if (m_tab == nullptr || m_dataSet == nullptr)
		{
			return false;
		}

		const std::vector<Lane>& lanes = m_tab->Lanes();
		if (laneIndex < 0 || laneIndex >= static_cast<int>(lanes.size()))
		{
			return false;
		}

		const double viewMin = Tab().ViewMin();
		const double viewMax = Tab().ViewMax();
		if (!(viewMax > viewMin))
		{
			return false;
		}

		// 只统计时间轴当前可见区间内的采样点，因此放大局部波形后可以快速把该段铺满网格。
		double low = std::numeric_limits<double>::infinity();
		double high = -std::numeric_limits<double>::infinity();

		for (const SignalRef& ref : lanes[static_cast<std::size_t>(laneIndex)].signals)
		{
			if (!Tab().IsVisible(ref))
			{
				continue;
			}
			const SignalData* signal = m_dataSet->Resolve(ref);
			const DataFile* file = m_dataSet->FileAt(ref.fileIndex);
			if (signal == nullptr || file == nullptr)
			{
				continue;
			}

			const std::size_t count = std::min(file->time.size(), signal->values.size());
			std::size_t begin = 0;
			std::size_t end = count;
			if (file->timeMonotonic)
			{
				// 时间单调时直接二分定位区间，百万级采样也只需扫过可见段。
				begin = static_cast<std::size_t>(
				    std::lower_bound(file->time.begin(), file->time.end(), viewMin) - file->time.begin());
				if (begin > 0)
				{
					--begin;
				}
				end = static_cast<std::size_t>(
				    std::lower_bound(file->time.begin(), file->time.end(), viewMax) - file->time.begin());
				if (end < count)
				{
					++end;
				}
			}

			for (std::size_t index = begin; index < end; ++index)
			{
				if (!file->timeMonotonic)
				{
					const double t = file->time[index];
					if (!std::isfinite(t) || t < viewMin || t > viewMax)
					{
						continue;
					}
				}
				const double value = signal->values[index];
				if (std::isfinite(value))
				{
					low = std::min(low, value);
					high = std::max(high, value);
				}
			}
		}

		if (!std::isfinite(low) || !std::isfinite(high))
		{
			return false;
		}

		// 与自动自适应保持一致的上下留白，避免波形顶到网格边界。
		if (high > low)
		{
			const double pad = (high - low) * 0.05;
			low -= pad;
			high += pad;
		}
		else
		{
			const double pad = std::max(1.0e-9, std::fabs(low) * 0.05);
			low -= pad;
			high += pad;
		}

		Lane& lane = m_tab->Lanes()[static_cast<std::size_t>(laneIndex)];
		lane.autoRange = false;
		lane.yMin = low;
		lane.yMax = high;
		BuildLaneVisuals();
		return true;
	}

	void PlotView::ApplySelectionAutoFit()
	{
		if (m_tab == nullptr || m_dataSet == nullptr)
		{
			return;
		}

		const std::vector<Lane>& lanes = m_tab->Lanes();
		bool any = false;
		for (const Lane& lane : lanes)
		{
			if (lane.fitYToSelection)
			{
				any = true;
				break;
			}
		}
		if (!any)
		{
			return;
		}

		// 只对开启了「选区 Y 轴自适应」的网格重新匹配 Y 轴；
		// 重新匹配依据的是刚刚更新过的时间视图范围。
		for (std::size_t index = 0; index < lanes.size(); ++index)
		{
			if (m_tab->Lanes()[index].fitYToSelection)
			{
				AutoRangeLaneToView(static_cast<int>(index));
			}
		}
	}

	void PlotView::ScaleLaneRange(int laneIndex, double factor, double anchorValue)
	{
		if (m_tab == nullptr || laneIndex < 0 || laneIndex >= static_cast<int>(m_lanes.size()))
		{
			return;
		}
		if (!(factor > 0.0) || !std::isfinite(anchorValue))
		{
			return;
		}

		const LaneVisual& visual = m_lanes[static_cast<std::size_t>(laneIndex)];
		const double span = visual.yMax - visual.yMin;
		if (!(span > 0.0))
		{
			return;
		}

		const double magnitude = std::max(std::fabs(visual.yMax), std::fabs(visual.yMin));
		const double minSpan = std::max(magnitude * 1.0e-9, 1.0e-12);
		const double newSpan = ClampDouble(span / factor, minSpan, magnitude * 100.0 + 1.0);
		const double ratio = (visual.yMax - anchorValue) / span;

		Lane& lane = m_tab->Lanes()[static_cast<std::size_t>(laneIndex)];
		lane.autoRange = false;
		lane.fitYToSelection = false;
		lane.yMin = anchorValue - ratio * newSpan;
		lane.yMax = lane.yMin + newSpan;
		BuildLaneVisuals();
	}

	void PlotView::ShiftLaneRange(int laneIndex, double deltaValue)
	{
		if (m_tab == nullptr || laneIndex < 0 || laneIndex >= static_cast<int>(m_lanes.size()) ||
		    !std::isfinite(deltaValue) || deltaValue == 0.0)
		{
			return;
		}

		// 首次纵向拖动时先把当前自适应范围固化下来，再进行偏移。
		const LaneVisual& visual = m_lanes[static_cast<std::size_t>(laneIndex)];
		Lane& lane = m_tab->Lanes()[static_cast<std::size_t>(laneIndex)];
		// 手动纵向平移属于手动调整幅值：关闭本网格的「选区 Y 轴自适应」。
		lane.fitYToSelection = false;
		if (lane.autoRange)
		{
			lane.autoRange = false;
			lane.yMin = visual.yMin;
			lane.yMax = visual.yMax;
		}
		lane.yMin += deltaValue;
		lane.yMax += deltaValue;
		BuildLaneVisuals();
	}

	bool PlotView::BeginLaneValueEdit(int laneIndex, bool editMax, const gd::RectF& anchorRect)
	{
		if (m_tab == nullptr || laneIndex < 0 || laneIndex >= static_cast<int>(m_tab->Lanes().size()))
		{
			return false;
		}
		if (m_lanes.empty())
		{
			BuildLaneVisuals();
		}
		if (laneIndex >= static_cast<int>(m_lanes.size()))
		{
			return false;
		}

		const LaneVisual& visual = m_lanes[static_cast<std::size_t>(laneIndex)];
		const double current = editMax ? visual.yMax : visual.yMin;
		return BeginEdit(editMax ? PlotEditTarget::LANE_Y_MAX : PlotEditTarget::LANE_Y_MIN, laneIndex,
		                 FormatValue(current), anchorRect);
	}

	bool PlotView::ApplyLaneValueText(int laneIndex, bool editMax, const std::wstring& text)
	{
		if (m_tab == nullptr || laneIndex < 0 || laneIndex >= static_cast<int>(m_tab->Lanes().size()))
		{
			return false;
		}
		if (m_lanes.empty())
		{
			BuildLaneVisuals();
		}
		if (laneIndex >= static_cast<int>(m_lanes.size()))
		{
			return false;
		}

		const std::wstring trimmed = Trim(text);
		if (trimmed.empty())
		{
			return false;
		}
		wchar_t* stop = nullptr;
		const double parsed = std::wcstod(trimmed.c_str(), &stop);
		if (stop == trimmed.c_str() || !std::isfinite(parsed))
		{
			return false;
		}

		const LaneVisual& visual = m_lanes[static_cast<std::size_t>(laneIndex)];
		const double span = visual.yMax - visual.yMin;
		const double minimumGap = (span > 0.0) ? span * 0.01 : std::max(1.0e-9, std::fabs(parsed) * 0.01);

		Lane& lane = m_tab->Lanes()[static_cast<std::size_t>(laneIndex)];
		// 手工输入即视为取消自动自适应，与拖拽框选缩放的语义一致。
		// 必须先把当前（自适应计算出的）显示范围固化到 lane 里，再只改动被编辑的一端，
		// 否则另一端会回退到 Lane 的初始占位值，导致量程被莫名其妙地放大。
		lane.fitYToSelection = false;
		if (lane.autoRange)
		{
			lane.autoRange = false;
			lane.yMin = visual.yMin;
			lane.yMax = visual.yMax;
		}
		if (editMax)
		{
			lane.yMax = parsed;
			if (!(lane.yMax > lane.yMin))
			{
				lane.yMin = lane.yMax - minimumGap;
			}
		}
		else
		{
			lane.yMin = parsed;
			if (!(lane.yMax > lane.yMin))
			{
				lane.yMax = lane.yMin + minimumGap;
			}
		}

		BuildLaneVisuals();
		return true;
	}

	bool PlotView::LaneRange(int laneIndex, double& yMin, double& yMax) const
	{
		if (laneIndex < 0 || laneIndex >= static_cast<int>(m_lanes.size()))
		{
			// 菜单弹出时几何可能尚未建立，回退到配置内的自适应范围。
			if (m_tab == nullptr || m_dataSet == nullptr || laneIndex < 0 ||
			    laneIndex >= static_cast<int>(m_tab->Lanes().size()))
			{
				return false;
			}
			m_tab->ComputeLaneRange(*m_dataSet, laneIndex, yMin, yMax);
			return true;
		}

		const LaneVisual& visual = m_lanes[static_cast<std::size_t>(laneIndex)];
		yMin = visual.yMin;
		yMax = visual.yMax;
		return true;
	}

	SignalRef PlotView::HitTestSignal(int x, int y) const
	{
		SignalRef empty;
		if (m_tab == nullptr || m_dataSet == nullptr || !HasDrawableContent())
		{
			return empty;
		}
		if (!UiPointInRect(m_plotRect, static_cast<float>(x), static_cast<float>(y)))
		{
			return empty;
		}

		const int laneIndex = LaneAtY(y);
		if (laneIndex < 0 || laneIndex >= static_cast<int>(m_lanes.size()))
		{
			return empty;
		}

		const LaneVisual& lane = m_lanes[static_cast<std::size_t>(laneIndex)];
		const float tolerance = kSignalHitTolerance * m_scale;
		const float fx = static_cast<float>(x);
		const float fy = static_cast<float>(y);

		SignalRef best;
		float bestDistance = tolerance;

		// 只为当前网格内的可见信号做精确的点到线段距离检测，避免跨网格误命中。
		for (const SignalRef& ref : m_tab->Lanes()[static_cast<std::size_t>(laneIndex)].signals)
		{
			const ResolvedSignal resolved = ResolveSignal(ref);
			if (resolved.data == nullptr || resolved.style == nullptr || !resolved.visible)
			{
				continue;
			}

			// 复用绘制阶段的折线顶点：悬停检测通常与上一帧几何完全相同，
			// 不再为“鼠标移动但命中结果未变”重复扫描全量采样点。
			const PolylineCacheEntry* cached = AcquirePolyline(ref, resolved, lane);
			if (cached == nullptr)
			{
				continue;
			}
			const std::vector<gd::PointF>& points = cached->points;
			const std::vector<std::size_t>& breaks = cached->breaks;
			if (points.size() < 2)
			{
				continue;
			}

			// 横向先行裁剪：点到线段的距离必然不小于横向距离本身，
			// 因此只有横向落在容差范围内的顶点才可能命中。
			// 时间单调时折线顶点按 x 递增，可二分定位后只扫描这一小段；
			// 否则每次鼠标移动都要遍历上万个顶点（悬停卡顿的来源之一）。
			std::size_t windowFirst = 0;
			std::size_t windowLast = points.size();
			if (resolved.file->timeMonotonic)
			{
				const auto byX = [](const gd::PointF& point, float limit) { return point.X < limit; };
				windowFirst = static_cast<std::size_t>(
				    std::lower_bound(points.begin(), points.end(), fx - tolerance, byX) - points.begin());
				windowLast = static_cast<std::size_t>(
				    std::upper_bound(points.begin(), points.end(), fx + tolerance,
				                     [](float limit, const gd::PointF& point) { return limit < point.X; }) -
				    points.begin());
			}
			if (windowFirst >= windowLast)
			{
				continue;
			}
			// 散点模式下把采样点本身也视为可命中目标。
			if (resolved.style->mode == DrawMode::SCATTER)
			{
				for (std::size_t index = windowFirst; index < windowLast; ++index)
				{
					const gd::PointF& point = points[index];
					const float dx = point.X - fx;
					const float dy = point.Y - fy;
					const float distance = std::sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy);
					if (distance <= bestDistance)
					{
						bestDistance = distance;
						best = ref;
					}
				}
				continue;
			}

			for (std::size_t k = 0; k < breaks.size(); ++k)
			{
				const std::size_t start = breaks[k];
				const std::size_t stop = (k + 1 < breaks.size()) ? breaks[k + 1] : points.size();
				const std::size_t scanBegin = std::max(start + 1, windowFirst);
				const std::size_t scanEnd = std::min(stop, windowLast);
				for (std::size_t index = scanBegin; index < scanEnd; ++index)
				{
					const gd::PointF& a = points[index - 1];
					const gd::PointF& b = points[index];

					const float vx = b.X - a.X;
					const float vy = b.Y - a.Y;
					const float wx = fx - a.X;
					const float wy = fy - a.Y;

					const float lengthSquared = vx * vx + vy * vy;
					float t = 0.0f;
					if (lengthSquared > 1.0e-6f)
					{
						t = (wx * vx + wy * vy) / lengthSquared;
						t = std::max(0.0f, std::min(1.0f, t));
					}

					const float dx = wx - t * vx;
					const float dy = wy - t * vy;
					const float distance = std::sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy);
					if (distance < bestDistance)
					{
						bestDistance = distance;
						best = ref;
					}
				}
			}
		}

		return best;
	}

	gd::RectF PlotView::EditFieldRect() const
	{
		if (m_editTarget == PlotEditTarget::NONE || m_fonts == nullptr || m_fonts->monoSmall == nullptr)
		{
			return gd::RectF();
		}

		const float height = 22.0f * m_scale;
		float width = std::max(90.0f * m_scale,
		                       UiMeasureTextWidth(m_fonts->monoSmall, m_edit.Text()) + 24.0f * m_scale);

		if (m_editTarget == PlotEditTarget::CURSOR_TIME)
		{
			// 与显示态标签取相同宽度与位置（底部），避免进入编辑时框体跳动。
			const int which = (m_editCursor == 2) ? 2 : 1;
			const gd::RectF displayRect = CursorLabelRect(which);
			width = std::max(width, displayRect.Width);
			float left = CursorX(which) - width * 0.5f;
			left = std::max(m_plotRect.X, std::min(left, m_plotRect.X + m_plotRect.Width - width));
			return gd::RectF(left, m_plotRect.Y + m_plotRect.Height - height - 2.0f * m_scale, width,
			                 height);
		}

		if (m_editTarget == PlotEditTarget::CURSOR_SPAN)
		{
			// 差值输入框落在差值标签处（时间轴上方或时间轴内部）。
			bool insideAxis = false;
			const gd::RectF displayRect = CursorSpanRect(insideAxis);
			if (displayRect.Width <= 0.0f)
			{
				return gd::RectF();
			}
			width = std::max(width, displayRect.Width);
			float left = displayRect.X + displayRect.Width * 0.5f - width * 0.5f;
			left = std::max(m_plotRect.X, std::min(left, m_plotRect.X + m_plotRect.Width - width));
			return gd::RectF(left, displayRect.Y, width, height);
		}

		if (m_editTarget == PlotEditTarget::SIGNAL_NAME)
		{
			// 图例改名：输入框直接落在被双击的图例条目位置上。
			if (m_editFieldRect.Width <= 0.0f)
			{
				return gd::RectF();
			}
			const float nameWidth = std::max(width, m_editFieldRect.Width);
			return gd::RectF(m_editFieldRect.X, m_editFieldRect.Y, nameWidth, height);
		}

		if (m_editTarget == PlotEditTarget::EDGE_CENTER_SMOOTH)
		{
			// 「平滑点数 N」：输入框落在中心轴面板底部的编辑行内（靠右，与显示态对齐）。
			if (m_editFieldRect.Width <= 0.0f)
			{
				return gd::RectF();
			}
			const float fieldWidth = std::max(width, kEdgePanelEditFieldWidth * m_scale);
			const float fieldHeight = std::max(height, m_editFieldRect.Height - 6.0f * m_scale);
			return gd::RectF(m_editFieldRect.X + m_editFieldRect.Width - fieldWidth,
			                 m_editFieldRect.Y + 3.0f * m_scale, fieldWidth, fieldHeight);
		}

		// 网格 Y 轴上下限输入框：优先落在被点击的菜单条目位置，保证"就地编辑"的观感。
		if (m_editFieldRect.Width > 0.0f && m_editFieldRect.Height > 0.0f)
		{			float left = m_editFieldRect.X;
			float top = m_editFieldRect.Y;
			left = std::max(m_area.X + 2.0f * m_scale,
			                std::min(left, m_area.X + m_area.Width - width - 2.0f * m_scale));
			top = std::max(m_area.Y + 2.0f * m_scale,
			               std::min(top, m_area.Y + m_area.Height - height - 2.0f * m_scale));
			return gd::RectF(left, top, width, height);
		}

		if (m_editLane < 0 || m_editLane >= static_cast<int>(m_lanes.size()))
		{
			return gd::RectF();
		}
		const LaneVisual& lane = m_lanes[static_cast<std::size_t>(m_editLane)];
		const float left = lane.rect.X + kLaneLabelPad * m_scale;
		const float top = lane.rect.Y + kLaneLabelPad * m_scale;
		return gd::RectF(left, top, std::min(width, lane.rect.Width - 2.0f * kLaneLabelPad * m_scale), height);
	}

	bool PlotView::BeginEdit(PlotEditTarget target, int laneIndex, const std::wstring& initialText,
	                         const gd::RectF& anchorRect)
	{
		if (target == PlotEditTarget::NONE)
		{
			return false;
		}
		// 切换编辑目标时清掉上一轮残留（图例改名需由调用方在进入前先设置 m_editSignal）。
		if (target != PlotEditTarget::SIGNAL_NAME)
		{
			m_editSignal = SignalRef();
		}
		// 调用方可以用锚点矩形指定输入框位置（如菜单条目、图例条目）；
		// 未提供锚点时由 EditFieldRect() 按目标类型自动推导。
		if (anchorRect.Width > 0.0f && anchorRect.Height > 0.0f)
		{
			m_editFieldRect = anchorRect;
		}
		else if (target != PlotEditTarget::SIGNAL_NAME)
		{
			m_editFieldRect = gd::RectF();
		}
		m_editTarget = target;
		m_editLane = laneIndex;

		// 名称与数值均不限长度（数值在提交时会做范围夹取）。
		const bool nameField = (target == PlotEditTarget::SIGNAL_NAME);
		m_edit.Begin(initialText, true, nameField ? EditFilter::ANY : EditFilter::NUMBER, 0u);
		return true;
	}

	bool PlotView::TakePendingRename(SignalRef& ref, std::wstring& name)
	{
		if (!m_pendingRename)
		{
			return false;
		}
		ref = m_pendingRenameRef;
		name = m_pendingRenameName;
		m_pendingRename = false;
		m_pendingRenameRef = SignalRef();
		m_pendingRenameName.clear();
		return true;
	}

	bool PlotView::EndEdit(bool commit)
	{
		if (m_editTarget == PlotEditTarget::NONE)
		{
			return false;
		}

		const PlotEditTarget target = m_editTarget;
		const int laneIndex = m_editLane;
		const SignalRef editSignal = m_editSignal;
		const std::wstring text = Trim(m_edit.Text());

		m_editTarget = PlotEditTarget::NONE;
		m_editLane = -1;
		m_editSignal = SignalRef();
		m_editFieldRect = gd::RectF();
		m_edit.End();

		// 信号改名：交给宿主窗口落到数据层，绘图区只持有只读数据。
		if (target == PlotEditTarget::SIGNAL_NAME)
		{
			if (commit && !text.empty() && editSignal.IsValid())
			{
				m_pendingRenameRef = editSignal;
				m_pendingRenameName = text;
				m_pendingRename = true;
			}
			return true;
		}

		double parsed = 0.0;
		bool parsedOk = false;
		if (commit && !text.empty())
		{
			wchar_t* stop = nullptr;
			parsed = std::wcstod(text.c_str(), &stop);
			parsedOk = (stop != text.c_str()) && (parsed == parsed) && std::isfinite(parsed);
		}

		if (!parsedOk)
		{
			return true;
		}

		if (target == PlotEditTarget::CURSOR_TIME)
		{
			double low = 0.0;
			double high = 1.0;
			TimeBounds(low, high);
			const double span = std::max(high - low, kMinTimeSpan);
			const double clamped = ClampDouble(parsed, low - span * 10.0, high + span * 10.0);
			if (m_editCursor == 2 && Tab().CursorMode() == PlotCursorMode::DOUBLE)
			{
				Tab().CursorTimeAlt() = clamped;
			}
			else
			{
				Tab().CursorTime() = clamped;
			}
			m_activeCursor = (m_editCursor == 2) ? 2 : 1;
			return true;
		}

		if (target == PlotEditTarget::CURSOR_SPAN)
		{
			// 差值编辑：输入值**始终以秒为单位**（即使界面上显示为 1.5min，编辑内容也是 90）。
			// **前方（时间较小）的光标不动**，后方光标向后移动到"前方 + 输入差值"。
			const double span = std::fabs(parsed);
			const double front = std::min(Tab().CursorTime(), Tab().CursorTimeAlt());
			const bool secondIsBack = (Tab().CursorTimeAlt() >= Tab().CursorTime());
			const double moved = front + span;
			if (secondIsBack)
			{
				Tab().CursorTime() = front;
				Tab().CursorTimeAlt() = moved;
			}
			else
			{
				Tab().CursorTimeAlt() = front;
				Tab().CursorTime() = moved;
			}
			m_activeCursor = secondIsBack ? 2 : 1;
			return true;
		}

		if (m_tab == nullptr || laneIndex < 0 || laneIndex >= static_cast<int>(m_tab->Lanes().size()))
		{
			return true;
		}

		// 「平滑点数 N」：只作用于中心平均值曲线的计算，夹在合理范围内（0–1000000）。
		if (target == PlotEditTarget::EDGE_CENTER_SMOOTH)
		{
			int smooth = static_cast<int>(std::lround(parsed));
			smooth = std::max(0, std::min(smooth, 1000000));
			m_tab->Lanes()[static_cast<std::size_t>(laneIndex)].edgeCenterSmooth = smooth;
			// 平滑半径变化会改变曲线与统计结果：清掉派生缓存后重绘。
			m_centerCurveCache.clear();
			m_edgeCenterCountCache.clear();
			InvalidateSceneCache();
			return true;
		}

		// 直接输入上下限：先固化当前范围，再用新值替换对应端点（保证 max > min）。
		if (laneIndex >= static_cast<int>(m_lanes.size()))
		{
			return true;
		}
		const LaneVisual& visual = m_lanes[static_cast<std::size_t>(laneIndex)];
		Lane& lane = m_tab->Lanes()[static_cast<std::size_t>(laneIndex)];
		// 直接输入上下限属于手动调整幅值：关闭本网格的「选区 Y 轴自适应」。
		lane.fitYToSelection = false;
		if (lane.autoRange)
		{
			lane.autoRange = false;
			lane.yMin = visual.yMin;
			lane.yMax = visual.yMax;
		}

		const double magnitude = std::max(std::fabs(lane.yMin), std::fabs(lane.yMax));
		const double minimumGap = std::max(magnitude * 1.0e-6, 1.0e-12);

		if (target == PlotEditTarget::LANE_Y_MAX)
		{
			if (parsed <= lane.yMin)
			{
				parsed = lane.yMin + minimumGap;
			}
			lane.yMax = parsed;
		}
		else
		{
			if (parsed >= lane.yMax)
			{
				parsed = lane.yMax - minimumGap;
			}
			lane.yMin = parsed;
		}

		BuildLaneVisuals();
		return true;
	}

	bool PlotView::OnEditChar(wchar_t character)
	{
		if (m_editTarget == PlotEditTarget::NONE)
		{
			return false;
		}

		// 剪贴板与全选快捷键经 WM_CHAR 送达（Ctrl+C/X/V/A 分别对应 3/24/22/1）。
		switch (character)
		{
		case 0x03: // Ctrl+C
			m_edit.CopyToClipboard(m_host);
			return false;
		case 0x18: // Ctrl+X
			return m_edit.CutToClipboard(m_host);
		case 0x16: // Ctrl+V
			return m_edit.PasteFromClipboard(m_host);
		case 0x01: // Ctrl+A
			m_edit.SelectAll();
			return true;
		default:
			break;
		}

		if (character == L'\r' || character == L'\n')
		{
			return EndEdit(true);
		}
		// 退格/删除已由 WM_KEYDOWN 的 OnEditKey 处理，此处忽略控制字符避免重复删除。
		if (character < 0x20 || character == 0x7F)
		{
			return false;
		}
		return m_edit.Insert(character);
	}

	bool PlotView::CollapseEditSelectionToEnd()
	{
		if (m_editTarget == PlotEditTarget::NONE)
		{
			return false;
		}
		return m_edit.DeselectToEnd();
	}

	bool PlotView::OnEditMouseDown(int x, int y)
	{
		if (m_editTarget == PlotEditTarget::NONE)
		{
			return false;
		}
		const gd::RectF rect = EditFieldRect();
		if (rect.Width <= 0.0f)
		{
			return false;
		}
		return UiEditFieldMouseDown(m_fonts->uiSmall, rect, m_edit, m_scale, x, y);
	}

	bool PlotView::OnEditMouseMove(int x)
	{
		if (m_editTarget == PlotEditTarget::NONE)
		{
			return false;
		}
		const gd::RectF rect = EditFieldRect();
		if (rect.Width <= 0.0f)
		{
			return false;
		}
		return UiEditFieldMouseMove(m_fonts->uiSmall, rect, m_edit, m_scale, x);
	}

	bool PlotView::OnEditMouseUp()
	{
		if (!m_edit.Dragging())
		{
			return false;
		}
		m_edit.EndDrag();
		return true;
	}

	bool PlotView::OnEditKey(WPARAM key)
	{
		if (m_editTarget == PlotEditTarget::NONE)
		{
			return false;
		}

		const bool shift = (GetKeyState(VK_SHIFT) & 0x8000) != 0;
		const bool control = (GetKeyState(VK_CONTROL) & 0x8000) != 0;

		switch (key)
		{
		case VK_RETURN:
			return EndEdit(true);
		case VK_ESCAPE:
			return EndEdit(false);
		case VK_BACK:
			return m_edit.Backspace();
		case VK_DELETE:
			return m_edit.DeleteForward();
		case VK_LEFT:
			return m_edit.MoveCaret(-1, shift);
		case VK_RIGHT:
			return m_edit.MoveCaret(1, shift);
		case VK_HOME:
			return m_edit.MoveHome(shift);
		case VK_END:
			return m_edit.MoveEnd(shift);
		case 'A':
			if (control)
			{
				m_edit.SelectAll();
			}
			return true;
		default:
			break;
		}
		return true;
	}

	bool PlotView::HitTest(int x, int y) const
	{
		return UiPointInRect(m_area, static_cast<float>(x), static_cast<float>(y));
	}

	HCURSOR PlotView::QueryCursor(int x, int y) const
	{
		switch (m_dragMode)
		{
		case PlotDragMode::PAN:
			return LoadCursorW(nullptr, IDC_SIZEALL);
		case PlotDragMode::RUBBER_SELECT:
			// 选区放大：轴向未定时为十字，确定后按方向给出上下/左右箭头。
			if (m_rubberAxis == PlotRubberAxis::VALUE)
			{
				return LoadCursorW(nullptr, IDC_SIZENS);
			}
			if (m_rubberAxis == PlotRubberAxis::TIME)
			{
				return LoadCursorW(nullptr, IDC_SIZEWE);
			}
			return LoadCursorW(nullptr, IDC_CROSS);
		case PlotDragMode::SCROLL_LANES:
			return LoadCursorW(nullptr, IDC_SIZENS);
		case PlotDragMode::CURSOR_MOVE:
			// 光标拖拽（无论是抓住光标线还是抓住时间读数标签）都沿时间轴移动 → 左右箭头。
			return LoadCursorW(nullptr, IDC_SIZEWE);
		case PlotDragMode::CURSOR_SPAN_MOVE:
			// 差值标签拖拽：两条光标整体沿时间轴平移 → 左右箭头。
			return LoadCursorW(nullptr, IDC_SIZEWE);
		case PlotDragMode::MOVE_SIGNAL:
			// 拖动信号（参考 Photoshop 平移元素的抓握光标）。
			return LoadCursorW(nullptr, IDC_SIZEALL);
		case PlotDragMode::EDGE_MOVE:
			// 「边沿计数」横向光标：上下移动幅值。
			return LoadCursorW(nullptr, IDC_SIZENS);
		case PlotDragMode::EDGE_PANEL_MOVE:
			// 边沿统计浮动面板：可自由拖动。
			return LoadCursorW(nullptr, IDC_SIZEALL);
		default:
			break;
		}

		if (m_scrollBarVisible &&
		    UiPointInRect(m_scrollBarRect, static_cast<float>(x), static_cast<float>(y)))
		{
			return LoadCursorW(nullptr, IDC_SIZENS);
		}

		// 实验性功能面板与横向光标优先于信号悬停提示判定（面板会盖住波形）。
		// 面板**只有标题栏**可以拖拽（显示抓握光标）；✕ 与面板主体一律保持原始箭头。
		if (m_tab != nullptr)
		{
			for (int pass = 0; pass < 2; ++pass)
			{
				const bool centerAxis = (pass == 1);
				for (int index = 0; index < static_cast<int>(m_lanes.size()); ++index)
				{
					const EdgePanelLayout layout = EdgePanelLayoutFor(index, centerAxis);
					if (layout.panel.Width <= 0.0f ||
					    !UiPointInRect(layout.panel, static_cast<float>(x), static_cast<float>(y)))
					{
						continue;
					}
					if (UiPointInRect(layout.close, static_cast<float>(x), static_cast<float>(y)))
					{
						// ✕ 按钮：保持原始箭头（仅做悬停高亮提示）。
						return nullptr;
					}
					if (UiPointInRect(layout.title, static_cast<float>(x), static_cast<float>(y)))
					{
						return LoadCursorW(nullptr, IDC_SIZEALL);
					}
					// 面板主体（含底部编辑行）：保持原始箭头。
					return nullptr;
				}
			}
			int edgeLane = -1;
			if (IsOnEdgeCursorLine(x, y, edgeLane))
			{
				return LoadCursorW(nullptr, IDC_SIZENS);
			}
		}

		// 光标时间读数标签与双光标差值标签：**悬停（未按下）时不改变鼠标形状**。
		// 两个标签都叠在光标线的正上方，因此必须先于"光标线"判定返回 nullptr，
		// 由调用方回退成箭头；只有真正拖拽时才切成左右箭头（见 CURSOR_MOVE / CURSOR_SPAN_MOVE）。
		if (IsOnCursorSpanLabel(x, y))
		{
			return nullptr;
		}
		{
			int labelWhich = 0;
			if (IsOnCursorTimeLabel(x, y, labelWhich))
			{
				return nullptr;
			}
		}

		{
			int cursorWhich = 0;
			if (IsOnCursorLine(x, cursorWhich) && UiPointInRect(m_area, static_cast<float>(x), static_cast<float>(y)))
			{
				return LoadCursorW(nullptr, IDC_SIZEWE);
			}
		}

		if (UiPointInRect(m_plotRect, static_cast<float>(x), static_cast<float>(y)))
		{
			// 悬停命中可拖拽信号时**不改变鼠标形状**（维持原始箭头）；
			// 只有真正按下拖动（MOVE_SIGNAL）才切换为抓握光标。
			// 悬停图例时同样保持箭头，仅做半高亮提示。

			// 选区放大模式下**未开始框选时保持默认箭头**（不改变鼠标形状）；
			// 只有真正按下并拖动后才切成十字/方向箭头。
			// （m_dragMode == RUBBER_SELECT 的情况已在上面处理。）
		}
		return nullptr;
	}

	bool PlotView::OnMouseMove(int x, int y)
	{
		const bool mouseMoved = (x != m_mouseX) || (y != m_mouseY);
		m_mouseX = x;
		m_mouseY = y;

		if (!HasDrawableContent())
		{
			return false;
		}

		const float fx = static_cast<float>(x);

		switch (m_dragMode)
		{
		case PlotDragMode::PAN:
		{
			if (m_plotRect.Width <= 0.0f)
			{
				return false;
			}

			// 横向拖动平移时间轴；纵向拖动偏移当前网格的幅值显示位置。
			const double span = Tab().ViewMax() - Tab().ViewMin();
			const double delta =
			    -static_cast<double>(x - m_dragLastX) / static_cast<double>(m_plotRect.Width) * span;
			if (delta != 0.0)
			{
				Tab().ViewMin() += delta;
				Tab().ViewMax() += delta;
				ClampTimeView();
			}

			const int laneIndex = m_dragLane;
			if (laneIndex >= 0 && laneIndex < static_cast<int>(m_lanes.size()) && y != m_dragLastY)
			{
				const LaneVisual& visual = m_lanes[static_cast<std::size_t>(laneIndex)];
				if (visual.rect.Height > 0.0f)
				{
					const double valueSpan = visual.yMax - visual.yMin;
					const double deltaValue = static_cast<double>(y - m_dragLastY) /
					                          static_cast<double>(visual.rect.Height) * valueSpan;
					ShiftLaneRange(laneIndex, deltaValue);
				}
			}

			m_dragLastX = x;
			m_dragLastY = y;
			if (std::abs(x - m_dragStartX) > 3 || std::abs(y - m_dragStartY) > 3)
			{
				m_dragMoved = true;
			}
			return true;
		}
		case PlotDragMode::RUBBER_SELECT:
		{
			const float dx = static_cast<float>(x - m_dragStartX);
			const float dy = static_cast<float>(y - m_dragStartY);

			// 轴向由首次明显位移决定，之后固定不变（避免拖拽中途选区形态跳变）。
			if (m_rubberAxis == PlotRubberAxis::UNDECIDED)
			{
				const float threshold = 4.0f * m_scale;
				if (std::fabs(dx) < threshold && std::fabs(dy) < threshold)
				{
					return true;
				}
				m_rubberAxis = (std::fabs(dx) >= std::fabs(dy)) ? PlotRubberAxis::TIME : PlotRubberAxis::VALUE;
			}

			if (m_rubberAxis == PlotRubberAxis::TIME)
			{
				// 竖向选区贯穿整个绘图区高度，只取横向区间用于时间轴缩放。
				const float left = static_cast<float>(std::min(x, m_dragStartX));
				const float width = static_cast<float>(std::abs(x - m_dragStartX));
				m_rubberRect = gd::RectF(left, m_plotRect.Y, width, m_plotRect.Height);
			}
			else
			{
				// 横向选区限定在按下时的网格内，只取纵向区间用于幅值轴缩放。
				if (m_dragLane < 0 || m_dragLane >= static_cast<int>(m_lanes.size()))
				{
					return false;
				}
				const gd::RectF& laneRect = m_lanes[static_cast<std::size_t>(m_dragLane)].rect;
				const float top = static_cast<float>(std::min(y, m_dragStartY));
				const float bottom = static_cast<float>(std::max(y, m_dragStartY));
				m_rubberRect = gd::RectF(laneRect.X, top, laneRect.Width, bottom - top);
			}
			m_dragMoved = true;
			// 拖动过程中维持显示"右键取消选区"说明（粘滞，直到松开左键后才淡出）。
			SetHintSticky(L"右键取消选区，ESC退出选区模式");
			return true;
		}
		case PlotDragMode::SCROLL_LANES:
		{
			if (m_plotRect.Height <= 0.0f || m_laneContentHeight <= m_plotRect.Height)
			{
				return false;
			}
			const double travel =
			    static_cast<double>(y - m_dragLastY) / static_cast<double>(m_plotRect.Height);
			Tab().LaneScroll() += static_cast<float>(travel * m_laneContentHeight);
			m_dragLastY = y;
			m_dragMoved = true;
			BuildLaneVisuals();
			return true;
		}
		case PlotDragMode::CURSOR_MOVE:
		{
			// 从时间读数标签上抓起时保留横向抓取偏移，避免一按下光标就跳到鼠标中心。
			double target = XToTime(fx - static_cast<float>(m_cursorGrabOffset));
			double snapped = target;
			if (SnapTimeToSample(target, snapped))
			{
				target = snapped;
			}

			if (m_hoverCursor == 2 && Tab().CursorMode() == PlotCursorMode::DOUBLE)
			{
				Tab().CursorTimeAlt() = target;
			}
			else
			{
				Tab().CursorTime() = target;
			}
			m_dragMoved = true;
			m_cursorHover = true;
			return true;
		}
		case PlotDragMode::CURSOR_SPAN_MOVE:
		{
			// 拖拽差值标签：两条光标整体平移，间隔保持不变。
			const double startTime = XToTime(static_cast<float>(m_spanDragStartX));
			const double delta = XToTime(fx) - startTime;
			Tab().CursorTime() = m_spanDragTime1 + delta;
			Tab().CursorTimeAlt() = m_spanDragTime2 + delta;
			m_dragMoved = true;
			return true;
		}
		case PlotDragMode::MOVE_SIGNAL:
		{
			const int target = LaneAtY(y);
			m_dragMoved = true;
			m_dragMouseX = x;
			m_dragMouseY = y;
			if (target != m_dragTargetLane)
			{
				m_dragTargetLane = target;
			}
			return true;
		}
		case PlotDragMode::EDGE_MOVE:
		{
			// 横向光标：上下移动幅值（夹在该网格的可见幅值范围内）。
			if (m_tab == nullptr || m_edgeDragLane < 0 ||
			    m_edgeDragLane >= static_cast<int>(m_lanes.size()) ||
			    m_edgeDragLane >= static_cast<int>(m_tab->Lanes().size()))
			{
				break;
			}
			const LaneVisual& visual = m_lanes[static_cast<std::size_t>(m_edgeDragLane)];
			Lane& lane = m_tab->Lanes()[static_cast<std::size_t>(m_edgeDragLane)];
			double value = YToValue(static_cast<float>(y), visual);
			const double low = std::min(visual.yMin, visual.yMax);
			const double high = std::max(visual.yMin, visual.yMax);
			value = std::max(low, std::min(value, high));
			lane.edgeValue = value;
			lane.edgeValueValid = true;
			m_dragMoved = true;
			return true;
		}
		case PlotDragMode::EDGE_PANEL_MOVE:
		{
			// 浮动面板：**只能从标题栏拖动**（按下时已限制），整体限制在绘图区内。
			if (m_tab == nullptr || m_edgePanelDragLane < 0 ||
			    m_edgePanelDragLane >= static_cast<int>(m_tab->Lanes().size()))
			{
				break;
			}
			const gd::RectF panel =
			    EdgePanelLayoutFor(m_edgePanelDragLane, m_edgePanelDragCenter).panel;
			if (panel.Width <= 0.0f)
			{
				break;
			}
			float left = static_cast<float>(x) - m_edgePanelDragOffset.X;
			float top = static_cast<float>(y) - m_edgePanelDragOffset.Y;
			left = std::max(m_plotRect.X + 2.0f * m_scale,
			                std::min(left, m_plotRect.X + m_plotRect.Width - panel.Width - 2.0f * m_scale));
			top = std::max(m_plotRect.Y + 2.0f * m_scale,
			               std::min(top, m_plotRect.Y + m_plotRect.Height - panel.Height - 2.0f * m_scale));
			Lane& lane = m_tab->Lanes()[static_cast<std::size_t>(m_edgePanelDragLane)];
			if (m_edgePanelDragCenter)
			{
				lane.edgeCenterPanelX = left;
				lane.edgeCenterPanelY = top;
			}
			else
			{
				lane.edgePanelX = left;
				lane.edgePanelY = top;
			}
			m_dragMoved = true;
			return true;
		}
		case PlotDragMode::NONE:
		default:
			break;
		}

		bool changed = false;

		// 鼠标压在实验性功能面板上时不再触发信号悬停提示（面板本来就盖住波形）。
		bool overEdgePanel = false;
		for (int pass = 0; pass < 2 && !overEdgePanel; ++pass)
		{
			const bool centerAxis = (pass == 1);
			for (int index = 0; index < static_cast<int>(m_lanes.size()); ++index)
			{
				const gd::RectF panel = EdgePanelLayoutFor(index, centerAxis).panel;
				if (panel.Width > 0.0f &&
				    UiPointInRect(panel, static_cast<float>(x), static_cast<float>(y)))
				{
					overEdgePanel = true;
					break;
				}
			}
		}

		const int lane = LaneAtY(y);
		if (lane != m_hoverLane)
		{
			m_hoverLane = lane;
			changed = true;
		}

		// 时间光标不再跟随鼠标移动，仅在鼠标覆盖光标时才显示具体时间读数。
		int hoverWhich = 0;
		const bool hover = Tab().CursorEnabled() && IsOnCursorLine(x, hoverWhich);
		if (hover != m_cursorHover)
		{
			m_cursorHover = hover;
			changed = true;
		}
		if (hoverWhich != m_hoverCursor)
		{
			m_hoverCursor = hoverWhich;
			changed = true;
		}

		// 常规模式下精确检测鼠标是否贴近某条信号曲线，用于给出可拖拽提示。
		// 图例优先于曲线：图例条目是可点选目标（与左侧信号列表一致），
		// 但悬停图例时**只做半高亮提示**，不显示曲线拖拽提示（也不触发光晕）。
		SignalRef hoverSignal;
		SignalRef hoverLegend;
		if (Tab().ZoomMode() == PlotZoomMode::NONE && !m_cursorHover && !overEdgePanel)
		{
			hoverLegend = LegendAtPoint(x, y);
			if (!hoverLegend.IsValid())
			{
				hoverSignal = HitTestSignal(x, y);
			}
		}
		if (hoverSignal != m_hoverSignal)
		{
			m_hoverSignal = hoverSignal;
			changed = true;
		}
		if (hoverLegend != m_hoverLegend)
		{
			m_hoverLegend = hoverLegend;
			changed = true;
		}

		// 双光标差值标签的悬停状态（用于区分"抓握/悬停"光标与普通状态）。
		const bool spanHover = IsOnCursorSpanLabel(x, y);
		if (spanHover != m_spanHover)
		{
			m_spanHover = spanHover;
			changed = true;
		}

		// 悬停提示跟随鼠标：只要提示可见，鼠标移动本身就要触发重绘；
		// 否则鼠标在可拖拽区域内继续移动时，提示会停在上一帧的位置。
		if (m_hoverSignal.IsValid() && mouseMoved)
		{
			changed = true;
		}
		return changed;
	}

	bool PlotView::OnLButtonDown(int x, int y)
	{
		if (!HasDrawableContent())
		{
			return false;
		}

		const float fx = static_cast<float>(x);
		const float fy = static_cast<float>(y);

		m_dragStartX = x;
		m_dragStartY = y;
		m_dragLastX = x;
		m_dragLastY = y;
		m_dragMoved = false;
		m_rubberRect = gd::RectF();
		m_rubberAxis = PlotRubberAxis::UNDECIDED;
		m_cursorGrabOffset = 0;
		// 新的交互开始：清掉上一次留下的提示（拖动过程中会重新设置粘滞提示）。
		SetHint(std::wstring());

		if (m_scrollBarVisible &&
		    UiPointInRect(m_scrollBarRect, static_cast<float>(x), static_cast<float>(y)))
		{
			m_dragMode = PlotDragMode::SCROLL_LANES;
			return true;
		}

		// 内联输入中：输入框之外的点击视为提交（与线宽输入一致）。
		if (IsEditing())
		{
			if (!UiPointInRect(EditFieldRect(), fx, fy))
			{
				EndEdit(true);
			}
			return true;
		}

		// 双光标模式下先检查差值标签：它可拖拽（两条光标整体平移，间隔不变）。
		if (IsOnCursorSpanLabel(x, y))
		{
			m_dragMode = PlotDragMode::CURSOR_SPAN_MOVE;
			m_spanDragStartX = x;
			m_spanDragTime1 = Tab().CursorTime();
			m_spanDragTime2 = Tab().CursorTimeAlt();
			return true;
		}

		// 光标时间读数标签：可直接抓住拖动（与抓住光标线等价）。
		{
			int labelWhich = 0;
			if (IsOnCursorTimeLabel(x, y, labelWhich))
			{
				m_dragMode = PlotDragMode::CURSOR_MOVE;
				m_hoverCursor = labelWhich;
				m_activeCursor = labelWhich;
				m_cursorHover = true;
				m_cursorGrabOffset = x - static_cast<int>(std::lround(CursorDisplayX(labelWhich)));
				return true;
			}
		}

		// 靠近时间光标线时优先进入拖动，避免误触发平移或缩放选区。
		{
			int cursorWhich = 0;
			if (IsOnCursorLine(x, cursorWhich) && UiPointInRect(m_area, fx, fy))
			{
				m_dragMode = PlotDragMode::CURSOR_MOVE;
				m_hoverCursor = cursorWhich;
				// 点中的光标成为“活动光标”：它触发的内容将画在上层。
				m_activeCursor = cursorWhich;
				m_cursorHover = true;
				return true;
			}
		}

		// 实验性功能浮动面板（面板压在波形之上，必须先于信号拖拽判定）：
		// * ✕ → 关闭该网格对应的功能；
		// * 底部编辑行 → 进入「平滑点数 N」内联编辑；
		// * 标题栏 → 拖动面板；
		// * 面板主体 → 消费点击，但**不拖动也不穿透**（用户明确要求只有标题栏可拖拽）。
		for (int pass = 0; pass < 2; ++pass)
		{
			const bool centerAxis = (pass == 1);
			bool handledPanel = false;
			for (int index = 0; index < static_cast<int>(m_lanes.size()); ++index)
			{
				const EdgePanelLayout layout = EdgePanelLayoutFor(index, centerAxis);
				if (layout.panel.Width <= 0.0f ||
				    !UiPointInRect(layout.panel, fx, fy))
				{
					continue;
				}
				handledPanel = true;

				if (UiPointInRect(layout.close, fx, fy))
				{
					// ✕ 关闭面板的同时关闭该网格对应的实验性功能。
					if (centerAxis)
					{
						SetLaneEdgeCenterCount(index, false);
					}
					else
					{
						SetLaneEdgeCount(index, false);
					}
					m_dragMode = PlotDragMode::NONE;
					return true;
				}

				if (centerAxis && layout.edit.Width > 0.0f && UiPointInRect(layout.edit, fx, fy) &&
				    m_tab != nullptr)
				{
					// 底部编辑行 → 就地编辑平滑点数 N（输入框落在该行内）。
					const int smooth = m_tab->Lanes()[static_cast<std::size_t>(index)].edgeCenterSmooth;
					BeginEdit(PlotEditTarget::EDGE_CENTER_SMOOTH, index, std::to_wstring(smooth),
					          layout.edit);
					return true;
				}

				if (UiPointInRect(layout.title, fx, fy))
				{
					m_dragMode = PlotDragMode::EDGE_PANEL_MOVE;
					m_edgePanelDragLane = index;
					m_edgePanelDragCenter = centerAxis;
					m_edgePanelDragOffset.X = fx - layout.panel.X;
					m_edgePanelDragOffset.Y = fy - layout.panel.Y;
					return true;
				}

				// 面板主体：消费该次点击，避免误触发底层的平移/选区/信号拖拽。
				m_dragMode = PlotDragMode::NONE;
				return true;
			}
			if (handledPanel)
			{
				break;
			}
		}

		// 「边沿计数」横向光标：上下拖动改变幅值。
		{
			int edgeLane = -1;
			if (IsOnEdgeCursorLine(x, y, edgeLane))
			{
				m_dragMode = PlotDragMode::EDGE_MOVE;
				m_edgeDragLane = edgeLane;
				return true;
			}
		}

		if (!UiPointInRect(m_plotRect, fx, fy))
		{
			m_dragMode = PlotDragMode::NONE;
			return false;
		}

		const PlotZoomMode mode = Tab().ZoomMode();
		if (mode == PlotZoomMode::SELECT)
		{
			// 选区放大：轴向由鼠标移动方向决定，因此按下时先记录网格并置为未定。
			// 按下本身**不显示提示**（拖动开始后才显示"右键取消选区"）。
			m_dragLane = LaneAtY(y);
			m_rubberAxis = PlotRubberAxis::UNDECIDED;
			m_dragMode = PlotDragMode::RUBBER_SELECT;
			return true;
		}

		// 常规模式下：点击图例条目等价于在左侧列表中选中该信号（样式区随之切换目标）。
		if (mode == PlotZoomMode::NONE)
		{
			const SignalRef legendHit = LegendAtPoint(x, y);
			if (legendHit.IsValid())
			{
				SelectSignal(legendHit);
				m_dragMode = PlotDragMode::NONE;
				return true;
			}
		}

		// 常规模式下：先检测是否落在信号曲线上；只有命中提示时才允许拖拽该信号。
		const SignalRef hit = HitTestSignal(x, y);
		if (hit.IsValid())
		{
			m_dragSignal = hit;
			m_dragTargetLane = Tab().LaneOfSignal(hit);
			SelectSignal(hit);
			m_dragMouseX = x;
			m_dragMouseY = y;
			m_dragMode = PlotDragMode::MOVE_SIGNAL;
			return true;
		}

		m_dragLane = LaneAtY(y);
		m_dragMode = PlotDragMode::PAN;
		return true;
	}

	bool PlotView::OnLButtonUp(int x, int y)
	{
		bool changed = (m_dragMode != PlotDragMode::NONE);

		switch (m_dragMode)
		{
		case PlotDragMode::RUBBER_SELECT:
		{
			// 按拖拽方向应用对应的缩放（横向 → 时间轴；纵向 → 当前网格幅值轴）。
			if (m_rubberAxis == PlotRubberAxis::TIME)
			{
				if (m_dragMoved &&
				    ApplyTimeSelection(m_rubberRect.X, m_rubberRect.X + m_rubberRect.Width))
				{
					changed = true;
				}
			}
			else if (m_rubberAxis == PlotRubberAxis::VALUE)
			{
				if (m_dragMoved &&
				    ApplyValueSelection(m_dragLane, m_rubberRect.Y, m_rubberRect.Y + m_rubberRect.Height))
				{
					changed = true;
				}
			}
			break;
		}
		case PlotDragMode::CURSOR_MOVE:
			m_cursorHover = true;
			break;
		case PlotDragMode::CURSOR_SPAN_MOVE:
			break;
		case PlotDragMode::MOVE_SIGNAL:
		{
			const int target = LaneAtY(y);
			const int source = (m_tab != nullptr) ? m_tab->LaneOfSignal(m_dragSignal) : -1;
			if (m_dataSet != nullptr && m_tab != nullptr && m_dragSignal.IsValid() && target >= 0 &&
			    target != source && m_dragMoved)
			{
				m_tab->MoveSignalToLane(*m_dataSet, m_dragSignal, target);
				changed = true;
			}
			m_dragSignal = SignalRef();
			m_dragTargetLane = -1;
			break;
		}
		default:
			break;
		}

		m_dragMode = PlotDragMode::NONE;
		m_rubberAxis = PlotRubberAxis::UNDECIDED;
		m_dragLane = -1;
		m_dragMoved = false;
		m_rubberRect = gd::RectF();
		m_cursorGrabOffset = 0;
		m_edgeDragLane = -1;
		m_edgePanelDragLane = -1;
		m_edgePanelDragCenter = false;
		// 松开左键：粘滞提示结束计时，开始"停留后淡出"。
		ReleaseHint();
		(void)x;
		return changed;
	}

	bool PlotView::OnMouseWheel(int x, int y, int delta, bool shift)
	{
		if (!HasDrawableContent() || delta == 0)
		{
			return false;
		}

		const double notches = static_cast<double>(delta) / 120.0;

		// 滚轮不再承担缩放：默认纵向滚动网格，按住 Shift 时水平平移时间轴。
		if (shift)
		{
			const double span = Tab().ViewMax() - Tab().ViewMin();
			const double sweep = -notches * span * 0.15;
			Tab().ViewMin() += sweep;
			Tab().ViewMax() += sweep;
			ClampTimeView();
			return true;
		}

		if (m_plotRect.Height <= 0.0f || m_laneContentHeight <= m_plotRect.Height)
		{
			return false;
		}

		Tab().LaneScroll() -= static_cast<float>(notches * 48.0 * m_scale);
		BuildLaneVisuals();
		(void)x;
		(void)y;
		return true;
	}

	bool PlotView::OnDoubleClick(int x, int y)
	{
		if (!UiPointInRect(m_area, static_cast<float>(x), static_cast<float>(y)))
		{
			return false;
		}

		// 双光标差值标签：双击进入差值编辑（输入值的量级始终为秒）。
		// 注意：差值标签在"两光标过近"时会落到主时间轴内部，因此必须先于区域判定。
		if (IsOnCursorSpanLabel(x, y))
		{
			return BeginEdit(PlotEditTarget::CURSOR_SPAN, -1, FormatDurationSeconds(CursorSpan()));
		}

		if (!UiPointInRect(m_area, static_cast<float>(x), static_cast<float>(y)))
		{
			return false;
		}

		// 命中光标时间读数标签：编辑该条光标的时间（优先于光标线，避免两条过近时选错）。
		{
			int labelWhich = 0;
			if (IsOnCursorTimeLabel(x, y, labelWhich))
			{
				m_editCursor = labelWhich;
				m_activeCursor = labelWhich;
				const double time = (labelWhich == 2) ? Tab().CursorTimeAlt() : Tab().CursorTime();
				return BeginEdit(PlotEditTarget::CURSOR_TIME, -1, FormatValue(time));
			}
		}

		// 命中时间光标：进入精确时间输入（交互与线宽输入框一致）。
		{
			int cursorWhich = 0;
			if (IsOnCursorLine(x, cursorWhich))
			{
				m_editCursor = (cursorWhich == 2) ? 2 : 1;
				m_activeCursor = m_editCursor;
				const double time =
				    (m_editCursor == 2) ? Tab().CursorTimeAlt() : Tab().CursorTime();
				return BeginEdit(PlotEditTarget::CURSOR_TIME, -1, FormatValue(time));
			}
		}

		// 命中图例条目：进入信号改名（与左侧列表双击改名的交互一致）。
		const SignalRef legendHit = LegendAtPoint(x, y);
		if (legendHit.IsValid())
		{
			const ResolvedSignal resolved = ResolveSignal(legendHit);
			if (resolved.data != nullptr)
			{
				SelectSignal(legendHit);
				m_editSignal = legendHit;

				// 先把输入框位置落在被双击的条目上，再进入编辑态。
				for (const LegendHit& hit : m_legendHits)
				{
					if (hit.ref == legendHit)
					{
						m_editFieldRect = hit.rect;
						break;
					}
				}
				return BeginEdit(PlotEditTarget::SIGNAL_NAME, -1, resolved.data->Title());
			}
		}

		// 其它位置：回到初始状态（自适应 + 退出缩放模式）。
		FitAll();
		return true;
	}

	bool PlotView::OnMouseLeave()
	{
		bool changed = false;
		if (m_hoverLane != -1)
		{
			m_hoverLane = -1;
			changed = true;
		}
		if (m_hoverSignal.IsValid())
		{
			m_hoverSignal = SignalRef();
			changed = true;
		}
		if (m_cursorHover)
		{
			m_cursorHover = false;
			changed = true;
		}
		if (m_hoverCursor != 0 && m_dragMode != PlotDragMode::CURSOR_MOVE)
		{
			m_hoverCursor = 0;
			changed = true;
		}
		if (m_spanHover)
		{
			m_spanHover = false;
			changed = true;
		}
		return changed;
	}


	const PlotView::PolylineCacheEntry* PlotView::AcquirePolyline(const SignalRef& ref,
	                                                             const ResolvedSignal& resolved,
	                                                             const LaneVisual& lane) const
	{
		if (resolved.data == nullptr || resolved.file == nullptr)
		{
			return nullptr;
		}

		// 键 = 构建折线时实际读取的全部输入：
		// 信号（引用 + 文件内容 + 采样点数）、时间轴显示范围、绘图区横向几何、网格纵向几何。
		// 这些值全部相同时，BuildPolyline 的输出必然完全一致，可直接复用。
		const std::size_t sampleCount = std::min(resolved.file->time.size(), resolved.data->values.size());
		const double viewMin = Tab().ViewMin();
		const double viewMax = Tab().ViewMax();

		for (const PolylineCacheEntry& entry : m_polylineCache)
		{
			if (entry.ref == ref && entry.file == resolved.file && entry.sampleCount == sampleCount &&
			    entry.viewMin == viewMin && entry.viewMax == viewMax && entry.plotX == m_plotRect.X &&
			    entry.plotWidth == m_plotRect.Width && entry.laneY == lane.rect.Y &&
			    entry.laneHeight == lane.rect.Height && entry.laneYMin == lane.yMin &&
			    entry.laneYMax == lane.yMax)
			{
				return &entry;
			}
		}

		// 未命中：重建并写入缓存（deque 保证已有元素的引用在追加后依然有效）。
		// 缓存只用于消除重复计算，容量上限约等于“网格数 × 每网格信号数”的两倍。
		if (m_polylineCache.size() >= kPolylineCacheLimit)
		{
			m_polylineCache.clear();
		}
		m_polylineCache.push_back(PolylineCacheEntry());
		PolylineCacheEntry& entry = m_polylineCache.back();
		entry.ref = ref;
		entry.file = resolved.file;
		entry.sampleCount = sampleCount;
		entry.viewMin = viewMin;
		entry.viewMax = viewMax;
		entry.plotX = m_plotRect.X;
		entry.plotWidth = m_plotRect.Width;
		entry.laneY = lane.rect.Y;
		entry.laneHeight = lane.rect.Height;
		entry.laneYMin = lane.yMin;
		entry.laneYMax = lane.yMax;

		BuildPolyline(resolved, lane, entry.points, entry.breaks);
		// BuildPolyline 通过引用填充，push_back 过程中不会再次进入本函数，引用安全。
		return &m_polylineCache.back();
	}

	void PlotView::BuildPolyline(const ResolvedSignal& resolved, const LaneVisual& lane,
	                             std::vector<gd::PointF>& points, std::vector<std::size_t>& breaks) const
	{
		points.clear();
		breaks.clear();

		if (resolved.data == nullptr || resolved.file == nullptr)
		{
			return;
		}

		const std::vector<double>& time = resolved.file->time;
		const std::vector<double>& values = resolved.data->values;
		const std::size_t count = std::min(time.size(), values.size());
		if (count == 0 || m_plotRect.Width <= 1.0f)
		{
			return;
		}

		const double viewMin = Tab().ViewMin();
		const double viewMax = Tab().ViewMax();

		std::size_t begin = 0;
		std::size_t end = count;

		if (resolved.file->timeMonotonic)
		{
			const std::vector<double>::const_iterator first = std::lower_bound(time.begin(), time.end(), viewMin);
			begin = static_cast<std::size_t>(first - time.begin());
			if (begin > 0)
			{
				--begin;
			}
			const std::vector<double>::const_iterator last = std::lower_bound(time.begin(), time.end(), viewMax);
			end = static_cast<std::size_t>(last - time.begin());
			if (end < count)
			{
				++end;
			}
		}

		if (end <= begin)
		{
			return;
		}

		const float limitTop = lane.rect.Y - lane.rect.Height * 4.0f;
		const float limitBottom = lane.rect.Y + lane.rect.Height * 5.0f;

		const std::size_t visibleCount = end - begin;

		// 顶点预算由绘图区宽度决定（而不是固定值）：折线顶点数直接决定
		// GDI+ 抗锯齿折线的绘制耗时，百万级采样文件若按固定 20000 顶点绘制，
		// 会把大量顶点堆在同一个像素列上（画出来完全重合），纯粹浪费 CPU。
		std::size_t budget =
		    static_cast<std::size_t>(std::max(1.0f, m_plotRect.Width)) * kPolylinePointsPerPixel;
		budget = std::max(budget, kMinPolylinePoints);
		budget = std::min(budget, kMaxPolylinePoints);

		// 采样点密度远超像素分辨率时改用“像素列上下包络”抽稀：
		// 每个像素列只保留最小/最大两个顶点（按出现先后排序），
		// 既不会漏掉尖峰（等间隔抽样会整段跳过），又把顶点数压到像素量级。
		if (visibleCount > budget && resolved.file->timeMonotonic && m_plotRect.Width > 1.0f)
		{
			const double viewSpan = viewMax - viewMin;
			const float plotLeft = m_plotRect.X;
			const float plotWidth = m_plotRect.Width;
			const std::size_t columns = std::max<std::size_t>(1, budget / 2);
			const float columnWidth = plotWidth / static_cast<float>(columns);

			const std::vector<double>::const_iterator rangeEnd = time.begin() + static_cast<std::ptrdiff_t>(end);

			// 粗粒度包络层（若已构建）：每列只需读取覆盖到的分组，
			// 数据量从“可见采样数”降到“像素列数 × 少量分组”，
			// 且分组内存的就是真实极值，绘制结果与逐点扫描完全一致。
			const std::vector<double>& coarseMin = resolved.data->coarseMin;
			const std::vector<double>& coarseMax = resolved.data->coarseMax;
			const std::size_t coarseStride = resolved.data->coarseStride;
			const bool hasCoarse =
			    (coarseStride > 0) && !coarseMin.empty() && (coarseMin.size() == coarseMax.size());

			bool inSegment = false;
			std::size_t searchFrom = begin;
			for (std::size_t column = 0; column < columns; ++column)
			{
				const double t0 = viewMin + viewSpan * (static_cast<double>(column) / static_cast<double>(columns));
				const double t1 =
				    viewMin + viewSpan * (static_cast<double>(column + 1) / static_cast<double>(columns));

				// 列边界随 column 单调递增，从上一列的位置继续二分，
				// 把每次搜索的范围压到剩余区间，避免 2400 次全区间二分带来的缓存缺失。
				const std::size_t i0 = static_cast<std::size_t>(
				    std::lower_bound(time.begin() + static_cast<std::ptrdiff_t>(searchFrom), rangeEnd, t0) -
				    time.begin());
				searchFrom = i0;
				const std::size_t i1 = (column + 1 == columns)
				                           ? end
				                           : static_cast<std::size_t>(
				                                 std::lower_bound(time.begin() + static_cast<std::ptrdiff_t>(i0),
				                                                  rangeEnd, t1) -
				                                 time.begin());
				if (i1 <= i0)
				{
					// 该列没有采样点：说明数据在此处存在时间间隙，断开当前折线。
					inSegment = false;
					continue;
				}

				double low = std::numeric_limits<double>::infinity();
				double high = -std::numeric_limits<double>::infinity();
				std::size_t lowOrder = 0;
				std::size_t highOrder = 0;
				bool broken = false;

				// 一列至少覆盖两个分组时才用分组层（否则直接扫原始采样更准且更省）。
				if (hasCoarse && (i1 - i0) >= 2 * coarseStride)
				{
					const std::size_t firstBucket = i0 / coarseStride;
					const std::size_t lastBucket =
					    std::min((i1 - 1) / coarseStride, coarseMin.size() - 1);
					for (std::size_t bucket = firstBucket; bucket <= lastBucket; ++bucket)
					{
						const double bucketLow = coarseMin[bucket];
						const double bucketHigh = coarseMax[bucket];
						if (!std::isfinite(bucketLow))
						{
							// 该分组全部是无效值：包络到此断开，后续另起一段。
							broken = true;
							continue;
						}
						if (bucketLow < low)
						{
							low = bucketLow;
							lowOrder = bucket;
						}
						if (bucketHigh > high)
						{
							high = bucketHigh;
							highOrder = bucket;
						}
					}
				}
				else
				{
					for (std::size_t index = i0; index < i1; ++index)
					{
						const double value = values[index];
						if (!std::isfinite(value))
						{
							// 该列含无效值：包络绘制到本列结束，后续另起一段。
							broken = true;
							continue;
						}
						if (value < low)
						{
							low = value;
							lowOrder = index;
						}
						if (value > high)
						{
							high = value;
							highOrder = index;
						}
					}
				}

				if (!(low <= high))
				{
					// 本列全是无效值。
					inSegment = false;
					continue;
				}

				const float x = plotLeft + (static_cast<float>(column) + 0.5f) * columnWidth;
				const float yTop =
				    static_cast<float>(ClampDouble(ValueToY(high, lane), limitTop, limitBottom));
				const float yBottom =
				    static_cast<float>(ClampDouble(ValueToY(low, lane), limitTop, limitBottom));

				if (yBottom - yTop < kEnvelopeMinPixelSpan)
				{
					// 波动不足半个像素：只留一个顶点，避免无意义的重复顶点。
					if (!inSegment)
					{
						breaks.push_back(points.size());
						inSegment = true;
					}
					points.push_back(gd::PointF(x, yTop));
				}
				else
				{
					if (!inSegment)
					{
						breaks.push_back(points.size());
						inSegment = true;
					}
					// 按采样点出现的先后顺序连接上下包络，保持走线方向一致。
					if (lowOrder <= highOrder)
					{
						points.push_back(gd::PointF(x, yBottom));
						points.push_back(gd::PointF(x, yTop));
					}
					else
					{
						points.push_back(gd::PointF(x, yTop));
						points.push_back(gd::PointF(x, yBottom));
					}
				}

				if (broken)
				{
					inSegment = false;
				}
			}

			return;
		}

		std::size_t stride = 1;
		if (visibleCount > budget)
		{
			stride = (visibleCount + budget - 1) / budget;
		}

		bool inSegment = false;

		for (std::size_t index = begin; index < end; index += stride)
		{
			const double t = time[index];
			const double value = values[index];
			if (!std::isfinite(t) || !std::isfinite(value))
			{
				inSegment = false;
				continue;
			}

			const float x = TimeToX(t);
			float y = ValueToY(value, lane);
			y = static_cast<float>(ClampDouble(y, limitTop, limitBottom));

			if (!inSegment)
			{
				breaks.push_back(points.size());
				points.push_back(gd::PointF(x, y));
				inSegment = true;
			}
			else
			{
				points.push_back(gd::PointF(x, y));
			}
		}
	}

	void PlotView::PaintEmptyState(gd::Graphics& g)
	{
		std::wstring message;
		if (m_dataSet == nullptr || m_dataSet->Empty())
		{
			message = L"打开 CSV 文件以查看仿真数据波形";
		}
		else
		{
			message = L"请在左侧勾选需要查看的信号（可同时加载多个文件进行对比）";
		}
		UiText(g, message, m_fonts->ui, m_area, m_theme->textMuted, TextAlign::CENTER);
	}

	void PlotView::Paint(gd::Graphics& g)
	{
		if (m_theme == nullptr || m_fonts == nullptr)
		{
			return;
		}

		BuildLaneVisuals();

		if (m_lanes.empty())
		{
			InvalidateSceneCache();
			PaintEmptyState(g);
			return;
		}

		// 静态场景复用（不再局限于拖拽）：只要视图几何、信号集合与显示样式都没变，
		// "绘图区底色 + 全部网格 + 时间轴"就逐像素相同，直接贴图即可。
		// 大文件下整幅重绘约 80ms，贴图约 1ms —— 鼠标悬停、拖拽选区这些
		// "只改一小块叠加层"的交互因此不再重绘波形。
		// 随鼠标变化的内容（悬停高亮、读数框、选区、光标、拖拽虚影、输入框）一律画在贴图之后。
		if (SceneCacheMatches() && BlitSceneCache(g))
		{
			PaintHoverHighlight(g);
			PaintLegendHighlight(g);
			PaintRubberBand(g);
			PaintCursor(g, m_lanes);
			PaintEdgeCursor(g, m_lanes);
			PaintSignalInteraction(g);
			PaintHint(g);
			if (m_editTarget == PlotEditTarget::LANE_Y_MAX ||
			    m_editTarget == PlotEditTarget::LANE_Y_MIN)
			{
				PaintEditField(g);
			}
			PaintScrollBar(g);

			// 绘图区外框（比网格内部分界线更重，形成明确整体边界）。
			gd::Pen borderPen(ToGdiColor(m_theme->axisLine), 1.6f);
			g.DrawRectangle(&borderPen, m_plotRect.X, m_plotRect.Y, m_plotRect.Width, m_plotRect.Height);
			return;
		}

		const double viewMin = Tab().ViewMin();
		const double viewMax = Tab().ViewMax();
		const double span = viewMax - viewMin;
		const double timeStep = NiceStep((span > 0.0) ? span : 1.0, kTimeTickTarget);
		std::vector<double> timeTicks;
		BuildTicks(viewMin, viewMax, timeStep, timeTicks);

		// 绘图区整体底色。
		UiFillRect(g, m_area, m_theme->plotBg);

		// 波形区域底色。
		UiFillRect(g, m_plotRect, m_theme->cardBg);

		// 图例命中矩形每帧重建，避免残留已消失的信号。
		m_legendHits.clear();

		for (std::size_t index = 0; index < m_lanes.size(); ++index)
		{
			PaintLane(g, static_cast<int>(index), m_lanes[index], timeTicks);
		}

		PaintTimeAxis(g, timeTicks, timeStep);

		// 此刻画布上正好是"绘图区底色 + 全部网格 + 时间轴"，尚未绘制任何随鼠标变化的内容，
		// 因此是捕获静态场景缓存的最佳时点（必须在裁剪区已全部恢复之后执行）。
		CaptureSceneCache(g);

		PaintHoverHighlight(g);
		PaintLegendHighlight(g);
		PaintRubberBand(g);
		PaintCursor(g, m_lanes);
		PaintEdgeCursor(g, m_lanes);
		PaintSignalInteraction(g);
		PaintHint(g);

		// 网格 Y 轴上下限的输入框绘制在最上层。
		if (m_editTarget == PlotEditTarget::LANE_Y_MAX || m_editTarget == PlotEditTarget::LANE_Y_MIN)
		{
			PaintEditField(g);
		}

		PaintScrollBar(g);

		// 绘图区外框（比网格内部分界线更重，形成明确整体边界）。
		gd::Pen borderPen(ToGdiColor(m_theme->axisLine), 1.6f);
		g.DrawRectangle(&borderPen, m_plotRect.X, m_plotRect.Y, m_plotRect.Width, m_plotRect.Height);
	}

	void PlotView::PaintSignalHalo(gd::Graphics& g, const SignalRef& ref, const ResolvedSignal& resolved,
	                               const std::vector<gd::PointF>& points,
	                               const std::vector<std::size_t>& breaks)
	{
		const bool drawLine = (resolved.style->mode != DrawMode::SCATTER);
		if (!drawLine || breaks.empty())
		{
			// 散点模式没有光晕（原实现同样只对折线绘制光晕）。
			(void)g;
			(void)ref;
			return;
		}

		gd::Pen halo(ToGdiColor(WithAlpha(m_theme->accent, 0x66)),
		             (resolved.style->lineWidth + 4.0f) * m_scale);
		halo.SetLineJoin(gd::LineJoinRound);
		halo.SetStartCap(gd::LineCapRound);
		halo.SetEndCap(gd::LineCapRound);
		for (std::size_t k = 0; k < breaks.size(); ++k)
		{
			const std::size_t start = breaks[k];
			const std::size_t stop = (k + 1 < breaks.size()) ? breaks[k + 1] : points.size();
			if (stop <= start + 1)
			{
				continue;
			}
			g.DrawLines(&halo, points.data() + start, static_cast<INT>(stop - start));
		}
	}

	void PlotView::PaintHoverHighlight(gd::Graphics& g)
	{
		if (m_tab == nullptr || m_dragMode != PlotDragMode::NONE)
		{
			// 拖拽过程中不显示悬停提示（拖拽中的信号光晕已绘入静态场景缓存）。
			return;
		}

		const int saveState = g.Save();
		g.SetClip(m_area, gd::CombineModeIntersect);

		// 悬停网格：一层很淡的强调色叠加。为了能画在静态场景之上，
		// 这里用半透明而非不透明混色，观感与原实现基本一致。
		if (m_hoverLane >= 0 && m_hoverLane < static_cast<int>(m_lanes.size()))
		{
			const gd::RectF& laneRect = m_lanes[static_cast<std::size_t>(m_hoverLane)].rect;
			const float clipTop = std::max(laneRect.Y, m_plotRect.Y);
			const float clipBottom = std::min(laneRect.Y + laneRect.Height, m_plotRect.Y + m_plotRect.Height);
			if (clipBottom > clipTop)
			{
				// alpha 0x0A ≈ 4%，与原「不透明混色 3.5%」的观感基本一致。
				UiFillRect(g, gd::RectF(laneRect.X, clipTop, laneRect.Width, clipBottom - clipTop),
				           WithAlpha(m_theme->accent, 0x0A));
			}
		}

		// 悬停信号：外扩一圈半透明强调色作为"可拖拽"提示。
		if (m_hoverSignal.IsValid())
		{
			const ResolvedSignal resolved = ResolveSignal(m_hoverSignal);
			if (resolved.data != nullptr && resolved.style != nullptr && resolved.visible)
			{
				const int laneIndex = m_tab->LaneOfSignal(m_hoverSignal);
				if (laneIndex >= 0 && laneIndex < static_cast<int>(m_lanes.size()))
				{
					const LaneVisual& lane = m_lanes[static_cast<std::size_t>(laneIndex)];
					const PolylineCacheEntry* cached = AcquirePolyline(m_hoverSignal, resolved, lane);
					if (cached != nullptr)
					{
						PaintSignalHalo(g, m_hoverSignal, resolved, cached->points, cached->breaks);
					}
				}
			}
		}

		g.Restore(saveState);
	}

	void PlotView::PaintLegendHighlight(gd::Graphics& g)
	{
		if (m_tab == nullptr || m_dragMode != PlotDragMode::NONE || !m_hoverLegend.IsValid())
		{
			return;
		}

		// 图例条目的底色绘制在静态场景缓存里；悬停态随鼠标变化，不能进缓存，
		// 因此在贴图之后用半透明强调色在本条目范围内叠一层，形成“半高亮”提示。
		const int laneIndex = m_tab->LaneOfSignal(m_hoverLegend);
		if (laneIndex < 0 || laneIndex >= static_cast<int>(m_lanes.size()))
		{
			return;
		}
		const gd::RectF laneRect = m_lanes[static_cast<std::size_t>(laneIndex)].rect;
		if (laneRect.Y > m_plotRect.Y + m_plotRect.Height ||
		    laneRect.Y + laneRect.Height < m_plotRect.Y)
		{
			return;
		}

		const int saveState = g.Save();
		g.SetClip(m_area, gd::CombineModeIntersect);
		for (const LegendHit& hit : m_legendHits)
		{
			if (hit.ref == m_hoverLegend)
			{
				UiFillRoundRect(g, hit.rect, 3.0f * m_scale, WithAlpha(m_theme->accent, 0x38));
				break;
			}
		}
		g.Restore(saveState);
	}

	PlotView::SceneCacheKey PlotView::MakeSceneCacheKey() const
	{
		SceneCacheKey key;
		key.viewMin = Tab().ViewMin();
		key.viewMax = Tab().ViewMax();
		key.laneScroll = Tab().LaneScroll();
		key.laneCount = static_cast<int>(m_lanes.size());
		key.areaX = m_area.X;
		key.areaY = m_area.Y;
		key.areaW = m_area.Width;
		key.areaH = m_area.Height;
		key.scale = m_scale;

		const SignalRef halo = SceneHaloRef();
		key.haloFile = halo.fileIndex;
		key.haloSignal = halo.signalIndex;
		key.contentHash = SceneContentHash();
		return key;
	}

	bool PlotView::SceneCacheMatches() const
	{
		if (!m_sceneValid)
		{
			return false;
		}
		const SceneCacheKey& cached = m_sceneKey;
		const SceneCacheKey key = MakeSceneCacheKey();
		return (key.viewMin == cached.viewMin) && (key.viewMax == cached.viewMax) &&
		       (key.laneScroll == cached.laneScroll) && (key.laneCount == cached.laneCount) &&
		       (key.areaX == cached.areaX) && (key.areaY == cached.areaY) &&
		       (key.areaW == cached.areaW) && (key.areaH == cached.areaH) &&
		       (key.scale == cached.scale) && (key.haloFile == cached.haloFile) &&
		       (key.haloSignal == cached.haloSignal) && (key.contentHash == cached.contentHash);
	}

	SignalRef PlotView::SceneHaloRef() const
	{
		// 只有拖拽中的信号光晕是“整个拖拽过程都不变”的，可以安全地绘入静态场景缓存；
		// 悬停光晕随鼠标移动，必须画在缓存之外（见 PaintHoverHighlight）。
		if (m_dragMode == PlotDragMode::MOVE_SIGNAL && m_dragSignal.IsValid())
		{
			return m_dragSignal;
		}
		return SignalRef();
	}

	std::uint64_t PlotView::SceneContentHash() const
	{
		// FNV-1a：把“视图几何之外的一切影响绘图区像素的内容”折叠成一个指纹。
		// 这样颜色/线宽/透明度/样式/重命名/信号增删等变化都会自动让缓存失效，
		// 不需要在各处手工调用 InvalidateSceneCache（容易漏）。
		std::uint64_t hash = 1469598103934665603ull;
		const auto mix = [&hash](std::uint64_t value)
		{
			hash ^= value;
			hash *= 1099511628211ull;
		};
		const auto mixFloat = [&mix](float value)
		{
			std::uint32_t bits = 0;
			std::memcpy(&bits, &value, sizeof(bits));
			mix(bits);
		};
		const auto mixText = [&mix](const std::wstring& text)
		{
			mix(text.size());
			for (const wchar_t character : text)
			{
				mix(static_cast<std::uint64_t>(character));
			}
		};

		mixFloat(m_plotRect.X);
		mixFloat(m_plotRect.Y);
		mixFloat(m_plotRect.Width);
		mixFloat(m_plotRect.Height);
		mixFloat(m_laneContentHeight);
		mix(m_scrollBarVisible ? 1ull : 0ull);

		// 选中信号会改变图例条目的底色与文字颜色（绘制在缓存的静态场景里），
		// 因此必须参与指纹：否则在左侧信号面板点选后图例不会高亮联动。
		{
			const SignalRef selected = SelectedRef();
			mix(selected.IsValid() ? 1ull : 0ull);
			mix(static_cast<std::uint64_t>(selected.fileIndex));
			mix(static_cast<std::uint64_t>(selected.signalIndex));
		}

		for (std::size_t laneIndex = 0; laneIndex < m_lanes.size(); ++laneIndex)
		{
			const LaneVisual& visual = m_lanes[laneIndex];
			mixFloat(visual.rect.Y);
			mixFloat(visual.rect.Height);
			mixFloat(static_cast<float>(visual.yMin));
			mixFloat(static_cast<float>(visual.yMax));

			const std::vector<SignalRef>& signals = Tab().Lanes()[laneIndex].signals;
			// 「边沿计数（中心轴）」的开关与平滑点数会改变网格内的曲线绘制 → 参与指纹。
			mix(Tab().Lanes()[laneIndex].edgeCenter ? 1ull : 0ull);
			mix(static_cast<std::uint64_t>(Tab().Lanes()[laneIndex].edgeCenterSmooth));
			mix(signals.size());
			for (const SignalRef& ref : signals)
			{
				const ResolvedSignal resolved = ResolveSignal(ref);
				mix(static_cast<std::uint64_t>(ref.fileIndex));
				mix(static_cast<std::uint64_t>(ref.signalIndex));
				mix(resolved.visible ? 1ull : 0ull);
				if (resolved.data == nullptr || resolved.style == nullptr)
				{
					continue;
				}
				mix(static_cast<std::uint64_t>(resolved.style->color));
				mixFloat(resolved.style->opacity);
				mixFloat(resolved.style->lineWidth);
				mix(static_cast<std::uint64_t>(resolved.style->mode));
				// 图例文案参与绘制，重命名必须让缓存失效。
				mixText(resolved.data->Title());
				if (resolved.file != nullptr)
				{
					mixText(resolved.file->Title());
				}
			}
		}
		return hash;
	}

	bool PlotView::EnsureSceneCache(int width, int height)
	{
		if (width <= 0 || height <= 0)
		{
			return false;
		}
		// 位图尺寸必须与当前缓存区域**严格一致**：贴图时按位图尺寸整块拷贝，
		// 若沿用更大的旧位图，缩小窗口后会把旧像素画到绘图区之外。
		if (m_sceneDc != nullptr && m_sceneWidth == width && m_sceneHeight == height)
		{
			return true;
		}

		ReleaseSceneCache();

		HDC screen = GetDC(nullptr);
		if (screen == nullptr)
		{
			return false;
		}
		m_sceneDc = CreateCompatibleDC(screen);
		m_sceneBitmap = CreateCompatibleBitmap(screen, width, height);
		ReleaseDC(nullptr, screen);

		if (m_sceneDc == nullptr || m_sceneBitmap == nullptr)
		{
			ReleaseSceneCache();
			return false;
		}
		m_sceneOldBitmap = SelectObject(m_sceneDc, m_sceneBitmap);
		m_sceneWidth = width;
		m_sceneHeight = height;
		return true;
	}

	bool PlotView::CaptureSceneCache(gd::Graphics& g)
	{
		// 缓存区域严格限定为绘图区本身（m_area）：工具栏/标签栏/面板由宿主每帧绘制，
		// 因为它们各自带有悬停态；绘图区的波形才是真正昂贵的部分（大文件约 80ms/帧）。
		const int x = static_cast<int>(std::floor(m_area.X));
		const int y = static_cast<int>(std::floor(m_area.Y));
		const int right = static_cast<int>(std::ceil(m_area.X + m_area.Width));
		const int bottom = static_cast<int>(std::ceil(m_area.Y + m_area.Height));
		const int width = right - x;
		const int height = bottom - y;
		if (width <= 0 || height <= 0)
		{
			m_sceneValid = false;
			return false;
		}

		m_sceneX = x;
		m_sceneY = y;

		if (!EnsureSceneCache(width, height))
		{
			m_sceneValid = false;
			return false;
		}

		HDC source = g.GetHDC();
		if (source == nullptr)
		{
			m_sceneValid = false;
			return false;
		}
		const BOOL ok = BitBlt(m_sceneDc, 0, 0, width, height, source, m_sceneX, m_sceneY, SRCCOPY);
		g.ReleaseHDC(source);

		if (ok == FALSE)
		{
			m_sceneValid = false;
			return false;
		}

		m_sceneKey = MakeSceneCacheKey();
		m_sceneValid = true;
		return true;
	}

	bool PlotView::BlitSceneCache(gd::Graphics& g)
	{
		if (!m_sceneValid || m_sceneDc == nullptr)
		{
			return false;
		}

		HDC target = g.GetHDC();
		if (target == nullptr)
		{
			return false;
		}
		const BOOL ok = BitBlt(target, m_sceneX, m_sceneY, m_sceneWidth, m_sceneHeight, m_sceneDc, 0, 0,
		                       SRCCOPY);
		g.ReleaseHDC(target);
		return ok != FALSE;
	}

	void PlotView::InvalidateSceneCache()
	{
		m_sceneValid = false;
	}

	void PlotView::ReleaseSceneCache()
	{
		m_sceneValid = false;
		if (m_sceneDc != nullptr)
		{
			if (m_sceneOldBitmap != nullptr)
			{
				SelectObject(m_sceneDc, m_sceneOldBitmap);
				m_sceneOldBitmap = nullptr;
			}
			DeleteDC(m_sceneDc);
			m_sceneDc = nullptr;
		}
		if (m_sceneBitmap != nullptr)
		{
			DeleteObject(m_sceneBitmap);
			m_sceneBitmap = nullptr;
		}
		m_sceneWidth = 0;
		m_sceneHeight = 0;
	}

	void PlotView::PaintRubberBand(gd::Graphics& g)
	{
		if (!m_dragMoved || m_rubberRect.Width <= 0.0f || m_rubberRect.Height <= 0.0f)
		{
			return;
		}
		if (m_dragMode != PlotDragMode::RUBBER_SELECT)
		{
			return;
		}

		// 轴向未定时不绘制选区，避免刚按下就闪出一个奇怪的方框。
		const bool timeMode = (m_rubberAxis == PlotRubberAxis::TIME);
		const bool valueMode = (m_rubberAxis == PlotRubberAxis::VALUE);
		if (!timeMode && !valueMode)
		{
			return;
		}

		// 两种方向的选区使用**同一种强调色**，保持视觉一致。
		const std::uint32_t band = m_theme->accent;
		UiFillRect(g, m_rubberRect, WithAlpha(band, 0x28));
		UiDrawRoundRect(g, m_rubberRect, 2.0f * m_scale, band, 1.4f);

		// 选区跨度提示（时间用秒/数值用幅度量纲），放在选区顶部。
		std::wstring text;
		if (timeMode)
		{
			text = FormatValue(std::fabs(XToTime(m_rubberRect.X + m_rubberRect.Width) -
			                             XToTime(m_rubberRect.X)));
		}
		else if (m_dragLane >= 0 && m_dragLane < static_cast<int>(m_lanes.size()))
		{
			const LaneVisual& lane = m_lanes[static_cast<std::size_t>(m_dragLane)];
			text = FormatValue(std::fabs(YToValue(m_rubberRect.Y + m_rubberRect.Height, lane) -
			                             YToValue(m_rubberRect.Y, lane)));
		}
		if (text.empty())
		{
			return;
		}

		const float textWidth = UiTextWidth(g, text, m_fonts->monoSmall) + 12.0f * m_scale;
		const float textHeight = 18.0f * m_scale;
		float labelX = m_rubberRect.X + m_rubberRect.Width * 0.5f - textWidth * 0.5f;
		labelX = std::max(m_plotRect.X, std::min(labelX, m_plotRect.X + m_plotRect.Width - textWidth));
		const gd::RectF labelRect(labelX, m_rubberRect.Y + 3.0f * m_scale, textWidth, textHeight);

		UiFillRoundRect(g, labelRect, 3.0f * m_scale, band);
		UiText(g, text, m_fonts->monoSmall, labelRect, m_theme->textOnAccent, TextAlign::CENTER);
	}

	void PlotView::PaintHint(gd::Graphics& g)
	{
		if (m_hintText.empty() || m_fonts == nullptr || m_fonts->ui == nullptr || m_hintShownAt == 0)
		{
			return;
		}

		const std::uint64_t elapsed = GetTickCount64() - m_hintShownAt;
		// 粘滞状态下不淡出（用于"拖动过程中维持显示"）。
		if (!m_hintSticky && elapsed >= (kHintHoldMs + kHintFadeMs))
		{
			return;
		}
		// 停留结束后在 kHintFadeMs 内线性淡出（颜色 alpha 按比例缩放）。
		const double fade = (m_hintSticky || elapsed <= kHintHoldMs)
		                        ? 1.0
		                        : (1.0 - static_cast<double>(elapsed - kHintHoldMs) /
		                                     static_cast<double>(kHintFadeMs));
		const unsigned int alpha =
		    static_cast<unsigned int>(std::max(0.0, std::min(1.0, fade)) * 255.0);

		// 提示条贴在绘图区底部居中；时间光标的时间读数也在底部，
		// 因此光标启用时把提示条上移一行，避免两者互相遮挡。
		const float reserved = (m_tab != nullptr && Tab().CursorEnabled()) ? 26.0f * m_scale : 0.0f;
		const float width = UiTextWidth(g, m_hintText, m_fonts->ui) + 30.0f * m_scale;
		const float height = 30.0f * m_scale;
		float left = m_plotRect.X + (m_plotRect.Width - width) * 0.5f;
		left = std::max(m_plotRect.X + 2.0f * m_scale,
		                std::min(left, m_plotRect.X + m_plotRect.Width - width - 2.0f * m_scale));
		const gd::RectF pill(left, m_plotRect.Y + m_plotRect.Height - height - 4.0f * m_scale - reserved,
		                     width, height);

		UiFillRoundRect(g, pill, 4.0f * m_scale, ScaleAlpha(m_theme->readoutBg, alpha));
		UiDrawRoundRect(g, pill, 4.0f * m_scale, ScaleAlpha(m_theme->borderStrong, alpha), 1.2f);
		// 文字走 GDI（不支持 alpha 通道），因此把文字颜色向胶囊底色**混色**来实现淡出。
		const std::uint32_t textColor =
		    MixColor(m_theme->textStrong, m_theme->readoutBg, 1.0f - static_cast<float>(fade));
		UiText(g, m_hintText, m_fonts->ui, pill, textColor, TextAlign::CENTER);
	}

	void PlotView::PaintLane(gd::Graphics& g, int laneIndex, const LaneVisual& lane,
	                         const std::vector<double>& timeTicks)
	{
		// 网格内容必须裁剪在绘图区之内：纵向滚动时网格会部分移出可视范围，
		// 若不与 m_plotRect 求交，波形就会溢出到工具栏与时间轴区域。
		const float clipTop = std::max(lane.rect.Y, m_plotRect.Y);
		const float clipBottom =
		    std::min(lane.rect.Y + lane.rect.Height, m_plotRect.Y + m_plotRect.Height);
		if (clipBottom <= clipTop)
		{
			return;
		}

		const int saveState = g.Save();
		g.SetClip(gd::RectF(m_area.X, clipTop, m_area.Width, clipBottom - clipTop));

		// 幅值网格线（先画线，标尺稍后作为覆盖层绘制，避免被波形遮挡）。
		// 刻度密度随网格高度自适应：所有网格高度相同 → 各网格的刻度数量一致，
		// 不会出现“有的网格只有 1 条标签、有的有 3 条”的不一致观感。
		int yTickTarget = static_cast<int>(std::lround(lane.rect.Height / (kYTickSpacing * m_scale)));
		yTickTarget = std::max(kYTickTargetMin, std::min(yTickTarget, kYTickTargetMax));
		const double yStep = NiceStep(lane.yMax - lane.yMin, yTickTarget);
		std::vector<double> yTicks;
		BuildTicks(lane.yMin, lane.yMax, yStep, yTicks);

		// 五等分估读线：在相邻主刻度之间再细分，便于目视读取中间值。
		const double yMinorStep = yStep / static_cast<double>(kMinorDivisions);
		std::vector<double> yMinorTicks;
		BuildTicks(lane.yMin, lane.yMax, yMinorStep, yMinorTicks);
		for (const double tick : yMinorTicks)
		{
			// 与主刻度重合的位置跳过（主刻度会以更重的线条绘制）。
			const double majorIndex = tick / yStep;
			if (std::fabs(majorIndex - std::floor(majorIndex + 0.5)) < 1.0e-6)
			{
				continue;
			}

			const float y = ValueToY(tick, lane);
			if (y < lane.rect.Y - 1.0f || y > lane.rect.Y + lane.rect.Height + 1.0f)
			{
				continue;
			}
			UiDrawLine(g, lane.rect.X, y, lane.rect.X + lane.rect.Width, y,
			           WithAlpha(m_theme->gridWeak, kMinorLineAlpha), 1.0f);
		}

		for (const double tick : yTicks)
		{
			const float y = ValueToY(tick, lane);
			if (y < lane.rect.Y - 1.0f || y > lane.rect.Y + lane.rect.Height + 1.0f)
			{
				continue;
			}

			const bool zeroLine = (tick == 0.0);
			UiDrawLine(g, lane.rect.X, y, lane.rect.X + lane.rect.Width, y,
			           zeroLine ? m_theme->gridStrong : m_theme->gridWeak, 1.0f);
		}

		// 时间网格线（同样补充五等分估读线）。
		const double timeSpan = Tab().ViewMax() - Tab().ViewMin();
		const double timeMajorStep = NiceStep((timeSpan > 0.0) ? timeSpan : 1.0, kTimeTickTarget);
		const double timeMinorStep = timeMajorStep / static_cast<double>(kMinorDivisions);
		std::vector<double> timeMinorTicks;
		BuildTicks(Tab().ViewMin(), Tab().ViewMax(), timeMinorStep, timeMinorTicks);
		for (const double tick : timeMinorTicks)
		{
			const double majorIndex = tick / timeMajorStep;
			if (std::fabs(majorIndex - std::floor(majorIndex + 0.5)) < 1.0e-6)
			{
				continue;
			}

			const float x = TimeToX(tick);
			if (x < lane.rect.X || x > lane.rect.X + lane.rect.Width)
			{
				continue;
			}
			UiDrawLine(g, x, lane.rect.Y, x, lane.rect.Y + lane.rect.Height,
			           WithAlpha(m_theme->gridWeak, kMinorLineAlpha), 1.0f);
		}

		for (const double tick : timeTicks)
		{
			const float x = TimeToX(tick);
			if (x < lane.rect.X || x > lane.rect.X + lane.rect.Width)
			{
				continue;
			}
			UiDrawLine(g, x, lane.rect.Y, x, lane.rect.Y + lane.rect.Height, m_theme->gridWeak, 1.0f);
		}

		// 波形绘制。
		const std::vector<SignalRef>& laneSignals = m_tab->Lanes()[static_cast<std::size_t>(laneIndex)].signals;
		if (laneSignals.empty())
		{
			const gd::RectF visibleRect(lane.rect.X, clipTop, lane.rect.Width, clipBottom - clipTop);
			UiText(g, L"（空网格）", m_fonts->uiSmall, visibleRect, m_theme->textMuted, TextAlign::CENTER);
		}
		else
		{
			const int waveSave = g.Save();
			g.SetClip(lane.rect, gd::CombineModeIntersect);

			// 只有拖拽中的信号光晕可以进入静态场景缓存（悬停光晕见 PaintHoverHighlight）。
			const SignalRef haloRef = SceneHaloRef();
			// 「边沿计数（中心轴）」开启时，为本网格每条信号额外叠加一条中心平均值曲线。
			// 该曲线属于静态场景（只在开关/平滑点数变化时改变），因此参与场景缓存指纹。
			const int centerSmooth =
			    Tab().Lanes()[static_cast<std::size_t>(laneIndex)].edgeCenter
			        ? Tab().Lanes()[static_cast<std::size_t>(laneIndex)].edgeCenterSmooth
			        : -1;

			for (const SignalRef& ref : laneSignals)
			{
				const ResolvedSignal resolved = ResolveSignal(ref);
				if (resolved.data == nullptr || resolved.style == nullptr || !resolved.visible)
				{
					continue;
				}

				const DrawMode mode = resolved.style->mode;
				// 顶点由“几何键”缓存提供：同一视图下重复绘制不再重算全量采样。
		const PolylineCacheEntry* cached = AcquirePolyline(ref, resolved, lane);
				if (cached == nullptr)
				{
					continue;
				}
				const std::vector<gd::PointF>& points = cached->points;
				const std::vector<std::size_t>& breaks = cached->breaks;

				const bool drawLine = (mode != DrawMode::SCATTER);
				const bool drawScatter = (mode == DrawMode::SCATTER || mode == DrawMode::LINE_SCATTER);

				// 悬停命中的信号先画一层浅色光晕，作为“可拖拽”的视觉提示。
				// 这里只处理拖拽中的信号（其光晕在拖拽期间不变，可以进入静态场景缓存）；
				// 悬停光晕随鼠标变化，改由 PaintHoverHighlight 在缓存贴图之后绘制。
				const bool highlighted = (ref == haloRef);
				if (highlighted)
				{
					PaintSignalHalo(g, ref, resolved, points, breaks);
				}

				if (drawLine && !breaks.empty())
				{
					gd::Pen pen(ToGdiColor(StyleColor(*resolved.style)),
					            resolved.style->lineWidth * m_scale);
					pen.SetLineJoin(gd::LineJoinRound);
					pen.SetStartCap(gd::LineCapRound);
					pen.SetEndCap(gd::LineCapRound);

					for (std::size_t k = 0; k < breaks.size(); ++k)
					{
						const std::size_t start = breaks[k];
						const std::size_t stop = (k + 1 < breaks.size()) ? breaks[k + 1] : points.size();
						if (stop <= start + 1)
						{
							continue;
						}
						g.DrawLines(&pen, points.data() + start, static_cast<INT>(stop - start));
					}
				}

				if (drawScatter && !points.empty())
				{
					// 散点半径随线宽线性增长（达到上限前不过早触顶），使“线宽”直观控制数据点大小。
					const float radius = static_cast<float>(
					    ClampDouble(static_cast<double>(resolved.style->lineWidth) * kScatterRadiusScale,
					                kMinScatterRadius, kMaxScatterRadius) *
					    m_scale);
					const std::size_t scatterStride =
					    std::max<std::size_t>(1, points.size() / kMaxScatterPoints);
					// 所有散点合并到一条 GraphicsPath 后只调用一次 FillPath：
					// 逐点 FillEllipse 每次都要完整走一遍 GDI+ 的状态检查与光栅化入口，
					// 实测 2500 点需要约 51ms；合并后约 1/9（实测基准 63ms → 7ms）。
					// **必须显式设为缠绕填充规则**：GraphicsPath 默认是交替（奇偶）规则，
					// 两个重叠的圆在交集处会互相抵消形成空洞，表现为"数据点重叠处出现异常白边"。
					gd::GraphicsPath scatterPath;
					scatterPath.SetFillMode(gd::FillModeWinding);
					for (std::size_t k = 0; k < points.size(); k += scatterStride)
					{
						scatterPath.AddEllipse(points[k].X - radius, points[k].Y - radius, radius * 2.0f,
						                       radius * 2.0f);
					}
					gd::SolidBrush brush(ToGdiColor(StyleColor(*resolved.style)));
					if (scatterPath.GetPointCount() > 0)
					{
						g.FillPath(&brush, &scatterPath);
					}
				}

				// 中心平均值曲线（「实验性功能 → 边沿计数（中心轴）」）叠加绘制在原信号之上。
				// 它只是叠加显示的派生曲线，**不会**加入左侧信号列表。
				if (centerSmooth >= 0)
				{
					PaintCenterCurve(g, resolved, lane, centerSmooth);
				}
			}

			// g.Restore 也会还原绘制状态，此处直接恢复图形状态即可。
			g.Restore(waveSave);
		}

		// 网格分界线：网格之间不再留间隔，改用较重的横线明确分隔相邻网格。
		const float dividerY = lane.rect.Y;
		if (dividerY >= m_plotRect.Y - 1.0f && dividerY <= m_plotRect.Y + m_plotRect.Height)
		{
			UiDrawLine(g, lane.rect.X, dividerY, lane.rect.X + lane.rect.Width, dividerY,
			           (laneIndex == 0) ? m_theme->axisLine : m_theme->borderStrong,
			           (laneIndex == 0) ? 1.6f : kLaneDividerWidth);
		}

		// 内侧纵轴标尺作为覆盖层绘制：每个刻度数值带半透明底，保证在波形之上仍清晰可读，
		// 同时只在数值背后遮挡波形，不牺牲波形本身的可见范围。
		{
			const bool showLabels = (lane.rect.Height >= 34.0f * m_scale);
			float lastLabelY = -1.0e9f;

			// 网格较矮时同步收紧标签行距，让密度随可用高度提升而不是整片被过滤掉。
			const float labelMinGap =
			    std::min(kYLabelMinGap * m_scale,
			             lane.rect.Height / static_cast<float>(yTickTarget + 1));

			for (const double tick : yTicks)
			{
				if (!showLabels)
				{
					break;
				}

				const float y = ValueToY(tick, lane);
				if (y < lane.rect.Y - 1.0f || y > lane.rect.Y + lane.rect.Height + 1.0f)
				{
					continue;
				}
				if (std::fabs(y - lastLabelY) < labelMinGap)
				{
					continue;
				}
				lastLabelY = y;

				const std::wstring raw = FormatTick(tick, yStep);
				const float textWidth = UiMeasureTextWidth(m_fonts->monoSmall, raw);
				const float pillHeight = 17.0f * m_scale;
				const gd::RectF pill(lane.rect.X + kLaneLabelPad * m_scale, y - pillHeight * 0.5f,
				                     std::min(textWidth + 8.0f * m_scale,
				                              lane.rect.Width - 2.0f * kLaneLabelPad * m_scale),
				                     pillHeight);
				if (pill.Width <= 0.0f)
				{
					continue;
				}
				// 与图例重叠时不再跳过：标尺值先绘制，随后绘制的图例会盖在其上层
				// （顶层始终为图例），因此两者都不丢失。
				// 但仍要求数值完整落在可见区内——否则会在网格分界处露出被截断的半行数字，
				// 且 GDI 文本不受 GDI+ 裁剪约束会越过绘图区（改用 UiTextAtClipped 兜底）。
				if (!IsFullyVisible(pill, clipTop, clipBottom))
				{
					continue;
				}

				UiFillRoundRect(g, pill, 3.0f * m_scale, WithAlpha(m_theme->cardBg, 0xF0));
				const std::wstring text = UiEllipsize(g, raw, m_fonts->monoSmall, pill.Width - 6.0f * m_scale);
				UiText(g, text, m_fonts->monoSmall,
				       gd::RectF(pill.X + 4.0f * m_scale, pill.Y, pill.Width - 8.0f * m_scale, pill.Height),
				       (tick == 0.0) ? m_theme->text : m_theme->textMuted, TextAlign::LEFT);
			}
		}

		if (lane.rect.Height >= 24.0f * m_scale)
		{
			PaintLaneLegend(g, laneIndex, lane, clipTop, clipBottom);
		}

		g.Restore(saveState);
	}

	SignalRef PlotView::LegendAtPoint(int x, int y) const
	{
		const float fx = static_cast<float>(x);
		const float fy = static_cast<float>(y);
		for (const LegendHit& hit : m_legendHits)
		{
			if (UiPointInRect(hit.rect, fx, fy))
			{
				return hit.ref;
			}
		}
		return SignalRef();
	}

	void PlotView::PaintLaneLegend(gd::Graphics& g, int laneIndex, const LaneVisual& lane, float visibleTop,
	                               float visibleBottom)
	{
		if (m_tab == nullptr || laneIndex < 0 || laneIndex >= static_cast<int>(m_tab->Lanes().size()))
		{
			return;
		}

		// 图例固定在网格左上角：网格被滚动出可视区时整体跳过，避免文字溢出到工具栏。
		const gd::RectF legendBand(lane.rect.X + kLegendPad * m_scale,
		                           lane.rect.Y + kLegendPad * m_scale, lane.rect.Width,
		                           kLegendHeight * m_scale);
		if (!IsFullyVisible(legendBand, visibleTop, visibleBottom))
		{
			return;
		}

		const std::vector<SignalRef>& laneSignals = m_tab->Lanes()[static_cast<std::size_t>(laneIndex)].signals;
		const bool multiFile = LaneSpansMultipleFiles(laneIndex);

		const float top = legendBand.Y;
		const float height = kLegendHeight * m_scale;
		float cursorX = legendBand.X;
		const float maxX = lane.rect.X + lane.rect.Width - kLanePadding * m_scale;

		// 网格编号徽标（图例左侧）：与左侧信号面板每行末尾的 “GX” 徽标样式完全一致。
		const float badgeWidth = kLaneBadgeWidth * m_scale;
		const float badgeHeight = kLaneBadgeHeight * m_scale;
		const gd::RectF badgeRect(cursorX, top + (height - badgeHeight) * 0.5f, badgeWidth, badgeHeight);
		cursorX = badgeRect.X + badgeRect.Width + kLaneBadgeGap * m_scale;

		bool anyVisible = false;
		int visibleCount = 0;
		int drawnCount = 0;

		// 先测量图例总宽度，再用半透明底板掠开底下的网格线，提升可读性。
		float legendWidth = 0.0f;
		for (const SignalRef& ref : laneSignals)
		{
			const ResolvedSignal resolved = ResolveSignal(ref);
			if (resolved.data == nullptr || resolved.style == nullptr || !resolved.visible)
			{
				continue;
			}

			std::wstring label = BuildLegendText(*resolved.data);
			if (multiFile && resolved.file != nullptr)
			{
				label += L" · " + resolved.file->Title();
			}
			const float itemWidth = kLegendSwatchSize * m_scale + 5.0f * m_scale +
			                        std::min(UiTextWidth(g, label, m_fonts->uiSmall),
			                                 kLegendMaxTextWidth * m_scale) +
			                        kLegendItemGap * m_scale;
			if (cursorX + legendWidth + itemWidth > maxX)
			{
				break;
			}
			legendWidth += itemWidth;
		}
		{
			// 底板从编号徽标开始一直盖到最后一个图例条目（编号徽标一并被掠开底下的网格线）。
			const float plateRight = cursorX + legendWidth + (legendWidth > 0.0f ? 2.0f * m_scale : 0.0f);
			UiFillRoundRect(g, gd::RectF(legendBand.X - 4.0f * m_scale, top - 2.0f * m_scale,
			                             plateRight - legendBand.X + 4.0f * m_scale, height + 4.0f * m_scale),
			                3.0f * m_scale, WithAlpha(m_theme->cardBg, 0xE8));
		}

		// 编号徽标绘制在底板之上（与信号面板的 GX 徽标使用同一套配色与圆角）。
		UiFillRoundRect(g, badgeRect, badgeHeight * 0.5f, m_theme->cardBg);
		UiDrawRoundRect(g, badgeRect, badgeHeight * 0.5f, m_theme->border, 1.0f);
		UiText(g, L"G" + std::to_wstring(laneIndex + 1), m_fonts->monoSmall, badgeRect,
		       m_theme->text, TextAlign::CENTER);

		// 记录本次绘制命中的条目矩形，供点击选中与双击改名使用。
		for (auto iterator = m_legendHits.begin(); iterator != m_legendHits.end();)
		{
			if (m_tab->LaneOfSignal(iterator->ref) == laneIndex)
			{
				iterator = m_legendHits.erase(iterator);
			}
			else
			{
				++iterator;
			}
		}

		// 绘制图例条目（与测量阶段保持一致的裁剪条件）。
		float drawnWidth = 0.0f;
		for (const SignalRef& ref : laneSignals)
		{
			const ResolvedSignal resolved = ResolveSignal(ref);
			if (resolved.data == nullptr || resolved.style == nullptr || !resolved.visible)
			{
				continue;
			}
			anyVisible = true;
			++visibleCount;

			std::wstring label = BuildLegendText(*resolved.data);
			if (multiFile && resolved.file != nullptr)
			{
				label += L" · " + resolved.file->Title();
			}
			// 文本宽度按上限夹取，超出部分用省略号（与测量阶段保持一致）。
			const float maxTextWidth = kLegendMaxTextWidth * m_scale;
			const float fullTextWidth = UiTextWidth(g, label, m_fonts->uiSmall);
			const float textWidth = std::min(fullTextWidth, maxTextWidth);
			const std::wstring drawLabel =
			    (fullTextWidth > maxTextWidth) ? UiEllipsize(g, label, m_fonts->uiSmall, maxTextWidth) : label;
			const float itemWidth = kLegendSwatchSize * m_scale + 5.0f * m_scale + textWidth +
			                        kLegendItemGap * m_scale;
			if (drawnWidth + itemWidth > legendWidth + 0.5f)
			{
				break;
			}
			drawnWidth += itemWidth;

			const float itemLeft = cursorX;
			const float swatchSize = kLegendSwatchSize * m_scale;

			// 选中态（与左侧列表呼应）绘制在静态场景里：选中信号参与场景指纹，
			// 因此选中变化会让缓存失效并重绘。**悬停半高亮不在此处**（随鼠标变化，
			// 画在缓存贴图之后，见 PaintLegendHighlight）。
			const bool selected = (SelectedRef() == ref);
			if (selected)
			{
				UiFillRoundRect(g, gd::RectF(itemLeft - 3.0f * m_scale, top - 1.0f * m_scale,
				                             itemWidth + 2.0f * m_scale, height + 2.0f * m_scale),
				                3.0f * m_scale, m_theme->selection);
			}

			UiDrawSwatch(g, gd::RectF(cursorX, top + (height - swatchSize) * 0.5f, swatchSize, swatchSize),
			             resolved.style->color, resolved.style->opacity, 1.5f * m_scale, m_scale);

			// 改名编辑态：在原位置绘制输入框。
			LegendHit hit;
			hit.ref = ref;
			hit.rect = gd::RectF(itemLeft - 3.0f * m_scale, top - 2.0f * m_scale,
			                     itemWidth + 2.0f * m_scale, height + 4.0f * m_scale);
			m_legendHits.push_back(hit);

			if (m_editTarget == PlotEditTarget::SIGNAL_NAME && m_editSignal == ref)
			{
				m_editFieldRect = hit.rect;
				UiDrawEditField(g, hit.rect, m_edit, m_fonts->uiSmall, m_scale);
				cursorX += itemWidth;
				++drawnCount;
				continue;
			}

			cursorX += swatchSize + 5.0f * m_scale;
			UiText(g, drawLabel, m_fonts->uiSmall,
			       gd::RectF(cursorX, top, std::max(8.0f, textWidth + 2.0f), height),
			       selected ? m_theme->textStrong : m_theme->text, TextAlign::LEFT);
			cursorX += textWidth + kLegendItemGap * m_scale;
			++drawnCount;
		}

		if (!anyVisible)
		{
			UiText(g, L"（无可见信号）", m_fonts->uiSmall,
			       gd::RectF(legendBand.X, top, lane.rect.Width, height), m_theme->textMuted,
			       TextAlign::LEFT);
		}
		else if (drawnCount < visibleCount)
		{
			// 图例空间不足时提示剩余信号数量，避免误认为信号丢失。
			const std::wstring moreText = L"+" + std::to_wstring(visibleCount - drawnCount);
			if (cursorX + 20.0f * m_scale <= maxX)
			{
				UiText(g, moreText, m_fonts->uiSmall, gd::RectF(cursorX, top, 24.0f * m_scale, height),
				       m_theme->textMuted, TextAlign::LEFT);
			}
		}
	}

	bool PlotView::IsFullyVisible(const gd::RectF& rect, float visibleTop, float visibleBottom)
	{
		return (rect.Y >= visibleTop - 0.5f) && (rect.Y + rect.Height <= visibleBottom + 0.5f);
	}

	void PlotView::PaintTimeAxis(gd::Graphics& g, const std::vector<double>& timeTicks, double timeStep)
	{
		const float axisY = m_plotRect.Y + m_plotRect.Height;
		UiDrawLine(g, m_plotRect.X, axisY, m_plotRect.X + m_plotRect.Width, axisY, m_theme->axisLine, 1.0f);

		// 时间轴列名（取自首个可见信号所属文件），贴左侧绘制。
		std::wstring axisName = L"时间";
		if (m_dataSet != nullptr && m_tab != nullptr)
		{
			for (std::size_t fileIndex = 0; fileIndex < m_dataSet->FileCount(); ++fileIndex)
			{
				if (!m_tab->FileHasVisible(*m_dataSet, static_cast<int>(fileIndex)))
				{
					continue;
				}
				const DataFile* file = m_dataSet->FileAt(static_cast<int>(fileIndex));
				if (file != nullptr && !file->timeColumnName.empty())
				{
					axisName = file->timeColumnName;
					// CSV 中该列通常直接叫 "time"，这里补上时间单位秒便于阅读；
					// 若列名自带单位描述（以右括号结尾）则不重复追加。
					if (axisName.back() != L')')
					{
						axisName += L" (s)";
					}
				}
				break;
			}
		}

		const float nameWidth =
		    std::min(UiMeasureTextWidth(m_fonts->monoSmall, axisName) + 8.0f * m_scale,
		             m_plotRect.Width * 0.4f);
		const gd::RectF nameRect(m_plotRect.X + 2.0f * m_scale, axisY + 3.0f * m_scale, nameWidth,
		                         std::max(0.0f, m_timeAxisRect.Height - 5.0f * m_scale));
		UiText(g, UiEllipsize(g, axisName, m_fonts->monoSmall, nameWidth), m_fonts->monoSmall, nameRect,
		       m_theme->textMuted, TextAlign::LEFT);

		const float labelWidth = 96.0f * m_scale;

		// 五等分子刻度线：在相邻主刻度之间插入 4 条短刻度（更长的主刻度在最前绘制，
		// 短刻度与主刻度重合的位置跳过），便于目视读取中间时刻。
		const double minorStep = timeStep / static_cast<double>(kMinorDivisions);
		std::vector<double> minorTicks;
		BuildTicks(Tab().ViewMin(), Tab().ViewMax(), minorStep, minorTicks);
		for (const double tick : minorTicks)
		{
			const double majorIndex = tick / timeStep;
			if (std::fabs(majorIndex - std::floor(majorIndex + 0.5)) < 1.0e-6)
			{
				continue;
			}
			const float x = TimeToX(tick);
			if (x < m_plotRect.X - 1.0f || x > m_plotRect.X + m_plotRect.Width + 1.0f)
			{
				continue;
			}
			UiDrawLine(g, x, axisY, x, axisY + 3.0f * m_scale, m_theme->axisLine, 1.0f);
		}

		for (const double tick : timeTicks)
		{
			const float x = TimeToX(tick);
			if (x < m_plotRect.X - 1.0f || x > m_plotRect.X + m_plotRect.Width + 1.0f)
			{
				continue;
			}

			UiDrawLine(g, x, axisY, x, axisY + 4.0f * m_scale, m_theme->axisLine, 1.0f);

			// 刻度标签夹在绘图区横向范围内，并与左侧列名互不重叠。
			float labelX = x - labelWidth * 0.5f;
			labelX = std::max(m_plotRect.X, std::min(labelX, m_plotRect.X + m_plotRect.Width - labelWidth));
			const gd::RectF labelRect(labelX, axisY + 4.0f * m_scale, labelWidth,
			                          std::max(0.0f, m_timeAxisRect.Height - 6.0f * m_scale));
			if (labelRect.X < nameRect.X + nameRect.Width)
			{
				continue;
			}
			UiText(g, FormatTick(tick, timeStep), m_fonts->monoSmall, labelRect, m_theme->textMuted,
			       TextAlign::CENTER);
		}
	}


	void PlotView::DrawLabelOutline(gd::Graphics& g, const gd::RectF& rect, float radius, bool textDark)
	{
		// 用与文字同色的半透明细描边：深色文字 → 浅色描边，浅色文字 → 深色描边。
		// 这样胶囊压在同类色背景或信号曲线上时仍有清晰的边界。
		const std::uint32_t outline = textDark ? 0x99FDF6E3u : 0x99073642u;
		UiDrawRoundRect(g, rect, radius, outline, 1.0f);
	}

	gd::RectF PlotView::CursorSpanRect(bool& insideAxis) const
	{
		insideAxis = false;
		if (m_tab == nullptr || Tab().CursorMode() != PlotCursorMode::DOUBLE ||
		    m_fonts == nullptr || m_fonts->monoSmall == nullptr)
		{
			return gd::RectF();
		}

		const std::wstring text = FormatSpanText(CursorSpan());
		const float width = std::max(
		    72.0f * m_scale, UiMeasureTextWidth(m_fonts->monoSmall, text) + 18.0f * m_scale);
		const float height = 20.0f * m_scale;

		// 水平位置取两条光标时间读数的中点（与它们同一行，位于时间轴上方）。
		// 注意用"显示横坐标"：光标滞留在可视区外时会被钉在网格边缘，
		// 此时二者在屏幕上必然很近，差值标签应改放到主时间轴内部。
		const gd::RectF first = CursorLabelRect(1);
		const gd::RectF second = CursorLabelRect(2);
		float center = (CursorDisplayX(1) + CursorDisplayX(2)) * 0.5f;
		if (first.Width > 0.0f && second.Width > 0.0f)
		{
			center = ((first.X + first.Width * 0.5f) + (second.X + second.Width * 0.5f)) * 0.5f;
		}

		float left = center - width * 0.5f;
		left = std::max(m_plotRect.X + 2.0f * m_scale,
		                std::min(left, m_plotRect.X + m_plotRect.Width - width - 2.0f * m_scale));

		// 两条**时间读数标签**之间的净空不足时，同一行放不下第三个标签
		// → 改放到主时间轴内部（时间轴上方已无空间）。
		const gd::RectF& leftRect = (first.X <= second.X) ? first : second;
		const gd::RectF& rightRect = (first.X <= second.X) ? second : first;
		const float freeStart = leftRect.X + leftRect.Width;
		const float freeEnd = rightRect.X;
		const bool fits = (freeStart <= freeEnd) && ((freeEnd - freeStart) >= (width + 2.0f * m_scale));
		if (!fits)
		{
			insideAxis = true;
			const float top = m_timeAxisRect.Y + 2.0f * m_scale;
			const float axisHeight = std::max(14.0f * m_scale, m_timeAxisRect.Height - 4.0f * m_scale);
			return gd::RectF(left, top, width, std::min(height, axisHeight));
		}

		return gd::RectF(left, m_plotRect.Y + m_plotRect.Height - height - 2.0f * m_scale, width, height);
	}

	void PlotView::PaintCursor(gd::Graphics& g, const std::vector<LaneVisual>& lanes)
	{
		if (!Tab().CursorEnabled() || m_tab == nullptr)
		{
			return;
		}

		const bool doubleMode = (Tab().CursorMode() == PlotCursorMode::DOUBLE);
		const int cursorCount = doubleMode ? 2 : 1;

		// 本次绘制重新统计已占用的取值标注矩形（用于避免多个信号/光标的内容互相覆盖）。
		// 先把底部的时间读数/差值标签也登记进去：它们在取值标注之后绘制、会盖在上面，
		// 因此取值标注必须主动避开它们，否则会被遮住半个字。
		m_cursorLabelRects.clear();
		for (int which = 1; which <= cursorCount; ++which)
		{
			const gd::RectF timeRect = CursorLabelRect(which);
			if (timeRect.Width > 0.0f)
			{
				m_cursorLabelRects.push_back(timeRect);
			}
		}
		if (doubleMode)
		{
			bool insideAxis = false;
			const gd::RectF spanRect = CursorSpanRect(insideAxis);
			if (spanRect.Width > 0.0f)
			{
				m_cursorLabelRects.push_back(spanRect);
			}
		}

		// 重叠时把"最近操作过的那条光标"的内容画在上层，因此先画另一条。
		const int order[2] = { (m_activeCursor == 2) ? 1 : 2, (m_activeCursor == 2) ? 2 : 1 };

		// 增量差值**只**显示在"右侧光标"上。右侧 = 时间较大的那条，随拖拽实时变化：
		// 把右光标拖到左边后，增量会自动改由新的右侧光标显示。
		const int rightCursor = (Tab().CursorTime() <= Tab().CursorTimeAlt()) ? 2 : 1;

		// ---- 光标竖线 + 顶部把手 ----
		for (int pass = 0; pass < cursorCount; ++pass)
		{
			const int which = doubleMode ? order[pass] : 1;
			const double time = (which == 2) ? Tab().CursorTimeAlt() : Tab().CursorTime();
			const float x = TimeToX(time);
			if (x < m_plotRect.X - 2.0f || x > m_plotRect.X + m_plotRect.Width + 2.0f)
			{
				// 光标滞留在可视区外：不画竖线（其取值/时间读数会在下面贴边显示）。
				continue;
			}

			const bool hot = (m_hoverCursor == which);
			const std::uint32_t color = CursorColor(which);
			const float lineTop = m_plotRect.Y;
			const float lineBottom = m_timeAxisRect.Y + m_timeAxisRect.Height;
			UiDrawLine(g, x, lineTop, x, lineBottom, color, (hot ? 2.0f : 1.4f) * m_scale);

			// 顶部三角把手（两条光标样式一致，靠颜色区分）。
			const float arm = 5.0f * m_scale;
			gd::PointF points[3];
			points[0] = gd::PointF(x - arm, lineTop);
			points[1] = gd::PointF(x + arm, lineTop);
			points[2] = gd::PointF(x, lineTop + arm * 1.4f);
			gd::SolidBrush handle(ToGdiColor(color));
			g.FillPolygon(&handle, points, 3);
		}

		// ---- 数据点取值标注 ----
		for (int pass = 0; pass < cursorCount; ++pass)
		{
			const int which = doubleMode ? order[pass] : 1;
			const double time = (which == 2) ? Tab().CursorTimeAlt() : Tab().CursorTime();
			const double otherTime = (which == 2) ? Tab().CursorTime() : Tab().CursorTimeAlt();
			// 只有右侧光标显示增量差值（左光标只显示自身取值）。
			const bool showDelta = doubleMode && (which == rightCursor);

			// 光标在可视区外时，把标注"钉"在对应的网格边上，保证取值仍然可见。
			const float pinX = CursorDisplayX(which);
			const float rawX = TimeToX(time);
			const bool pinned = (std::fabs(rawX - pinX) > 0.5f);

			for (std::size_t laneIndex = 0; laneIndex < lanes.size(); ++laneIndex)
			{
				const LaneVisual& lane = lanes[laneIndex];
				const float clipTop = std::max(lane.rect.Y, m_plotRect.Y);
				const float clipBottom =
				    std::min(lane.rect.Y + lane.rect.Height, m_plotRect.Y + m_plotRect.Height);
				if (clipBottom <= clipTop)
				{
					continue;
				}

				for (const SignalRef& ref : m_tab->Lanes()[laneIndex].signals)
				{
					const ResolvedSignal resolved = ResolveSignal(ref);
					if (resolved.data == nullptr || resolved.style == nullptr ||
					    resolved.file == nullptr || !resolved.visible)
					{
						continue;
					}

					const bool interpolate = (resolved.style->mode != DrawMode::SCATTER);
					double value = 0.0;
					if (!SampleFileAt(*resolved.file, *resolved.data, time, interpolate, value))
					{
						continue;
					}

					const float y = ValueToY(value, lane);
					if (y < clipTop - 2.0f || y > clipBottom + 2.0f)
					{
						continue;
					}

					const std::uint32_t signalColor = StyleColor(*resolved.style);

					// 数据点：底色环 + 信号色实心点（贴边时改画成三角指示方向）。
					const float radius = 3.4f * m_scale;
					gd::SolidBrush ring(ToGdiColor(m_theme->cardBg));
					gd::SolidBrush fill(ToGdiColor(signalColor));
					if (pinned)
					{
						const float arm = 5.0f * m_scale;
						const bool offLeft = (rawX < pinX);
						const float baseX = offLeft ? (pinX - arm) : (pinX + arm);
						gd::PointF tri[3];
						tri[0] = gd::PointF(baseX, y - arm);
						tri[1] = gd::PointF(baseX, y + arm);
						tri[2] = gd::PointF(pinX, y);
						g.FillPolygon(&ring, tri, 3);
						gd::PointF inner[3];
						inner[0] = gd::PointF(baseX + (offLeft ? 1.4f : -1.4f) * m_scale, y - arm * 0.72f);
						inner[1] = gd::PointF(baseX + (offLeft ? 1.4f : -1.4f) * m_scale, y + arm * 0.72f);
						inner[2] = gd::PointF(pinX - (offLeft ? -1.4f : 1.4f) * m_scale, y);
						g.FillPolygon(&fill, inner, 3);
					}
					else
					{
						g.FillEllipse(&ring, pinX - radius - 1.2f * m_scale, y - radius - 1.2f * m_scale,
						              (radius + 1.2f * m_scale) * 2.0f, (radius + 1.2f * m_scale) * 2.0f);
						g.FillEllipse(&fill, pinX - radius, y - radius, radius * 2.0f, radius * 2.0f);
					}

					// 取值标注：底色用信号色、文字用反色，并加一层细描边提升对比度。
					std::wstring text = FormatValue(value);
					if (showDelta)
					{
						double otherValue = 0.0;
						if (SampleFileAt(*resolved.file, *resolved.data, otherTime, interpolate, otherValue))
						{
							const double delta = value - otherValue;
							// 增量 = 右侧光标取值 − 左侧光标取值，包在圆括号里并按差值显式给出正负号。
							text += L" (";
							text += (delta < 0.0) ? L"-" : L"+";
							text += FormatValue(std::fabs(delta));
							text += L")";
						}
					}

					const float textWidth = UiTextWidth(g, text, m_fonts->monoSmall) + 10.0f * m_scale;
					const float textHeight = 17.0f * m_scale;
					float labelLeft = pinX + radius + 4.0f * m_scale;
					if (labelLeft + textWidth > m_plotRect.X + m_plotRect.Width - 2.0f * m_scale)
					{
						labelLeft = pinX - radius - 4.0f * m_scale - textWidth;
					}
					labelLeft = std::max(
					    m_plotRect.X + 2.0f * m_scale,
					    std::min(labelLeft, m_plotRect.X + m_plotRect.Width - textWidth - 2.0f * m_scale));
					float labelTop = y - textHeight * 0.5f;
					labelTop = std::max(clipTop + 1.0f * m_scale,
					                    std::min(labelTop, clipBottom - textHeight - 1.0f * m_scale));
					gd::RectF labelRect(labelLeft, labelTop, textWidth, textHeight);

					// 多个信号的取值标注可能落在同一位置（数据点重合或过近）：
					// 依次向下（再向上）避让已占用的标注，保证不会互相覆盖。
					PlaceCursorLabel(labelRect, labelTop, textHeight, clipTop, clipBottom);

					UiFillRoundRect(g, labelRect, 3.0f * m_scale, WithAlpha(signalColor, 0xF0));
					const bool dark = IsDarkColor(signalColor);
					DrawLabelOutline(g, labelRect, 3.0f * m_scale, dark);
					UiText(g, text, m_fonts->monoSmall, labelRect,
					       dark ? 0xFFFDF6E3u : 0xFF073642u, TextAlign::CENTER);

					// 「边沿计数（中心轴）」开启时，纵向光标还要额外标注**中心平均值曲线**
					// 在该时刻的取值（它不是信号，因此单独标注，不并入上面的取值文案）。
					if (m_tab->Lanes()[laneIndex].edgeCenter)
					{
						const int smooth = m_tab->Lanes()[laneIndex].edgeCenterSmooth;
						double centerValue = 0.0;
						if (CenterValueAt(*resolved.file, *resolved.data, smooth, time, centerValue))
						{
							const float centerY = ValueToY(centerValue, lane);
							if (centerY >= clipTop - 2.0f && centerY <= clipBottom + 2.0f)
							{
								g.FillEllipse(&ring, pinX - radius - 1.2f * m_scale,
								              centerY - radius - 1.2f * m_scale,
								              (radius + 1.2f * m_scale) * 2.0f,
								              (radius + 1.2f * m_scale) * 2.0f);
								g.FillEllipse(&fill, pinX - radius, centerY - radius, radius * 2.0f,
								              radius * 2.0f);

								const std::wstring centerText = L"中 " + FormatValue(centerValue);
								const float centerTextWidth =
								    UiTextWidth(g, centerText, m_fonts->monoSmall) + 10.0f * m_scale;
								float centerLeft = pinX + radius + 4.0f * m_scale;
								if (centerLeft + centerTextWidth >
								    m_plotRect.X + m_plotRect.Width - 2.0f * m_scale)
								{
									centerLeft = pinX - radius - 4.0f * m_scale - centerTextWidth;
								}
								centerLeft = std::max(
								    m_plotRect.X + 2.0f * m_scale,
								    std::min(centerLeft, m_plotRect.X + m_plotRect.Width -
								                             centerTextWidth - 2.0f * m_scale));
								float centerTop = centerY - textHeight * 0.5f;
								centerTop = std::max(
								    clipTop + 1.0f * m_scale,
								    std::min(centerTop, clipBottom - textHeight - 1.0f * m_scale));
								gd::RectF centerRect(centerLeft, centerTop, centerTextWidth, textHeight);
								PlaceCursorLabel(centerRect, centerTop, textHeight, clipTop, clipBottom);
								UiFillRoundRect(g, centerRect, 3.0f * m_scale,
								                WithAlpha(signalColor, 0xB8));
								DrawLabelOutline(g, centerRect, 3.0f * m_scale, dark);
								UiText(g, centerText, m_fonts->monoSmall, centerRect,
								       dark ? 0xFFFDF6E3u : 0xFF073642u, TextAlign::CENTER);
							}
						}
					}
				}
			}
		}

		// ---- 底部：时间读数 + 双光标差值 ----
		if (m_editTarget == PlotEditTarget::CURSOR_TIME ||
		    m_editTarget == PlotEditTarget::CURSOR_SPAN)
		{
			PaintEditField(g);
			return;
		}

		for (int pass = 0; pass < cursorCount; ++pass)
		{
			const int which = doubleMode ? order[pass] : 1;
			const gd::RectF labelRect = CursorLabelRect(which);
			if (labelRect.Width <= 0.0f)
			{
				continue;
			}
			const bool highlighted = (m_cursorHover && m_hoverCursor == which);
			const std::uint32_t color = CursorColor(which);
			UiFillRoundRect(g, labelRect, 3.0f * m_scale,
			                highlighted ? color : WithAlpha(color, 0xE0));
			const bool dark = IsDarkColor(color);
			DrawLabelOutline(g, labelRect, 3.0f * m_scale, dark);
			UiText(g, FormatValue(which == 2 ? Tab().CursorTimeAlt() : Tab().CursorTime()),
			       m_fonts->monoSmall, labelRect,
			       dark ? 0xFFFDF6E3u : 0xFF073642u, TextAlign::CENTER);
		}

		// 双光标差值：显示在两条时间读数中间（时间轴上方；过近时落到主时间轴上）。
		if (doubleMode)
		{
			bool insideAxis = false;
			const gd::RectF spanRect = CursorSpanRect(insideAxis);
			m_cursorSpanRect = spanRect;
			if (spanRect.Width > 0.0f && spanRect.Height > 0.0f)
			{
				// 样式与光标时间读数完全一致（同底色/同描边/同文字配色）。
				const std::uint32_t color = CursorColor(1);
				UiFillRoundRect(g, spanRect, 3.0f * m_scale,
				                m_spanHover ? color : WithAlpha(color, 0xE0));
				const bool dark = IsDarkColor(color);
				DrawLabelOutline(g, spanRect, 3.0f * m_scale, dark);
				UiText(g, FormatSpanText(CursorSpan()), m_fonts->monoSmall, spanRect,
				       dark ? 0xFFFDF6E3u : 0xFF073642u, TextAlign::CENTER);
			}
		}
		else
		{
			m_cursorSpanRect = gd::RectF();
		}
	}

	PlotView::EdgePanelLayout PlotView::EdgePanelLayoutFor(int laneIndex, bool centerAxis) const
	{
		EdgePanelLayout layout;
		if (m_tab == nullptr || m_fonts == nullptr || laneIndex < 0 ||
		    laneIndex >= static_cast<int>(m_tab->Lanes().size()) ||
		    laneIndex >= static_cast<int>(m_lanes.size()))
		{
			return layout;
		}
		const Lane& lane = m_tab->Lanes()[static_cast<std::size_t>(laneIndex)];
		const bool enabled = centerAxis ? lane.edgeCenter : lane.edgeCount;
		const bool open = centerAxis ? lane.edgeCenterPanelOpen : lane.edgePanelOpen;
		if (!enabled || !open)
		{
			return layout;
		}

		int rowCount = 0;
		for (const SignalRef& ref : lane.signals)
		{
			const ResolvedSignal resolved = ResolveSignal(ref);
			if (resolved.data != nullptr && resolved.visible)
			{
				++rowCount;
			}
		}
		if (rowCount <= 0)
		{
			return layout;
		}
		layout.rows = rowCount;

		const float width = EdgePanelWidth(laneIndex, centerAxis);
		const float titleHeight = kEdgePanelTitleHeight * m_scale;
		const float rowHeight = kEdgePanelRowHeight * m_scale;
		const float pad = kEdgePanelPad * m_scale;
		// 中心轴面板在底部固定多出一行「平滑点数」编辑行。
		const float editHeight = centerAxis ? (kEdgePanelEditHeight * m_scale) : 0.0f;
		const float height = titleHeight + pad + static_cast<float>(rowCount) * rowHeight * 2.0f + pad +
		                     editHeight;

		// 首次使用（位置为负）时自动放到绘图区右侧，并各网格依次错开，避免完全重叠。
		const double storedX = centerAxis ? lane.edgeCenterPanelX : lane.edgePanelX;
		const double storedY = centerAxis ? lane.edgeCenterPanelY : lane.edgePanelY;
		float left = (storedX >= 0.0)
		                 ? static_cast<float>(storedX)
		                 : (m_plotRect.X + m_plotRect.Width - width - 16.0f * m_scale);
		float top = (storedY >= 0.0)
		                ? static_cast<float>(storedY)
		                : (m_plotRect.Y + 16.0f * m_scale +
		                   static_cast<float>(laneIndex) * 28.0f * m_scale);

		// 面板始终限制在绘图区内（用户明确要求"可以在右侧的整个绘制区域拖动"）。
		left = std::max(m_plotRect.X + 2.0f * m_scale,
		                std::min(left, m_plotRect.X + m_plotRect.Width - width - 2.0f * m_scale));
		top = std::max(m_plotRect.Y + 2.0f * m_scale,
		               std::min(top, m_plotRect.Y + m_plotRect.Height - height - 2.0f * m_scale));

		layout.panel = gd::RectF(left, top, width, height);
		// 只有标题栏可以拖拽；✕ 位于标题栏右端，命中时优先按“关闭按钮”处理。
		layout.title = gd::RectF(left, top, width, titleHeight);
		const float closeSize = titleHeight;
		layout.close = gd::RectF(left + width - closeSize, top, closeSize, closeSize);
		if (centerAxis)
		{
			const float editRowHeight = kEdgePanelEditHeight * m_scale;
			layout.edit = gd::RectF(left + pad, top + height - editRowHeight,
			                        std::max(0.0f, width - pad * 2.0f), editRowHeight);
		}
		return layout;
	}

	gd::RectF PlotView::EdgePanelRect(int laneIndex) const
	{
		return EdgePanelLayoutFor(laneIndex, false).panel;
	}

	gd::RectF PlotView::EdgePanelCloseRect(int laneIndex) const
	{
		return EdgePanelLayoutFor(laneIndex, false).close;
	}

	gd::RectF PlotView::EdgeCenterPanelRect(int laneIndex) const
	{
		return EdgePanelLayoutFor(laneIndex, true).panel;
	}

	bool PlotView::IsOnEdgeCursorLine(int x, int y, int& laneIndex) const
	{
		laneIndex = -1;
		if (m_tab == nullptr)
		{
			return false;
		}
		const std::vector<Lane>& tabLanes = m_tab->Lanes();
		const float fx = static_cast<float>(x);
		const float fy = static_cast<float>(y);
		const float tolerance = 5.0f * m_scale;

		for (std::size_t index = 0; index < m_lanes.size() && index < tabLanes.size(); ++index)
		{
			if (!tabLanes[index].edgeCount)
			{
				continue;
			}
			const LaneVisual& visual = m_lanes[index];
			if (fx < visual.rect.X || fx > visual.rect.X + visual.rect.Width)
			{
				continue;
			}
			const float clipTop = std::max(visual.rect.Y, m_plotRect.Y);
			const float clipBottom =
			    std::min(visual.rect.Y + visual.rect.Height, m_plotRect.Y + m_plotRect.Height);
			if (clipBottom <= clipTop)
			{
				continue;
			}
			const float lineY = std::max(
			    clipTop, std::min(ValueToY(tabLanes[index].edgeValue, visual), clipBottom));
			if (std::fabs(fy - lineY) <= tolerance)
			{
				laneIndex = static_cast<int>(index);
				return true;
			}
		}
		return false;
	}

	void PlotView::PlaceCursorLabel(gd::RectF& rect, float preferredTop, float textHeight,
	                                float clipTop, float clipBottom)
	{
		const float gap = 2.0f * m_scale;
		const float minTop = clipTop + 1.0f * m_scale;
		const float maxTop = std::max(minTop, clipBottom - textHeight - 1.0f * m_scale);
		rect.Y = std::max(minTop, std::min(preferredTop, maxTop));

		const auto overlaps = [this](const gd::RectF& candidate, const gd::RectF*& hit) -> bool
		{
			for (const gd::RectF& occupied : m_cursorLabelRects)
			{
				if (candidate.IntersectsWith(occupied))
				{
					hit = &occupied;
					return true;
				}
			}
			return false;
		};

		bool resolved = false;
		for (int step = 0; step < 16; ++step)
		{
			const gd::RectF* hit = nullptr;
			if (!overlaps(rect, hit))
			{
				resolved = true;
				break;
			}
			// 向下推一格；超出网格底部则改由原始位置向上避让。
			const float next = hit->Y + hit->Height + gap;
			if (next > maxTop)
			{
				break;
			}
			rect.Y = next;
		}
		if (!resolved)
		{
			rect.Y = std::max(minTop, std::min(preferredTop, maxTop));
			for (int step = 0; step < 16; ++step)
			{
				const gd::RectF* hit = nullptr;
				if (!overlaps(rect, hit))
				{
					break;
				}
				rect.Y = hit->Y - rect.Height - gap;
				if (rect.Y < minTop)
				{
					break;
				}
			}
		}
		rect.Y = std::max(minTop, std::min(rect.Y, maxTop));
		m_cursorLabelRects.push_back(rect);
	}

	void PlotView::PaintCenterCurve(gd::Graphics& g, const ResolvedSignal& resolved,
	                                const LaneVisual& lane, int smooth) const
	{		if (resolved.data == nullptr || resolved.file == nullptr || resolved.style == nullptr)
		{
			return;
		}

		const std::vector<double>& time = resolved.file->time;
		const std::vector<float>& curve = CenterCurveFor(*resolved.data, smooth);
		const std::size_t count = std::min(time.size(), curve.size());
		if (count == 0 || m_plotRect.Width <= 1.0f)
		{
			return;
		}

		const double viewMin = Tab().ViewMin();
		const double viewMax = Tab().ViewMax();
		std::size_t begin = 0;
		std::size_t end = count;
		if (resolved.file->timeMonotonic)
		{
			begin = static_cast<std::size_t>(
			    std::lower_bound(time.begin(), time.end(), viewMin) - time.begin());
			if (begin > 0)
			{
				--begin;
			}
			end = static_cast<std::size_t>(
			    std::lower_bound(time.begin(), time.end(), viewMax) - time.begin());
			if (end < count)
			{
				++end;
			}
		}
		if (end <= begin)
		{
			return;
		}

		// 平滑曲线本身没有尖峰，等间隔抽稀即可（不需要包络层），顶点预算与波形一致。
		std::size_t budget =
		    static_cast<std::size_t>(std::max(1.0f, m_plotRect.Width)) * kPolylinePointsPerPixel;
		budget = std::max(budget, kMinPolylinePoints);
		budget = std::min(budget, kMaxPolylinePoints);
		const std::size_t visibleCount = end - begin;
		const std::size_t stride = std::max<std::size_t>(1, visibleCount / std::max<std::size_t>(1, budget));

		std::vector<gd::PointF> points;
		std::vector<std::size_t> breaks;
		points.reserve(std::min<std::size_t>(visibleCount, budget) + 1);
		bool inSegment = false;

		const float limitTop = lane.rect.Y - lane.rect.Height * 4.0f;
		const float limitBottom = lane.rect.Y + lane.rect.Height * 5.0f;

		for (std::size_t index = begin; index < end; index += stride)
		{
			const float sampled = curve[index];
			if (!std::isfinite(sampled))
			{
				inSegment = false;
				continue;
			}
			float y = ValueToY(static_cast<double>(sampled), lane);
			y = static_cast<float>(ClampDouble(y, limitTop, limitBottom));
			const float x = TimeToX(time[index]);
			if (!inSegment)
			{
				breaks.push_back(points.size());
				points.push_back(gd::PointF(x, y));
				inSegment = true;
			}
			else
			{
				points.push_back(gd::PointF(x, y));
			}
		}

		if (breaks.empty())
		{
			return;
		}

		// 中心平均值曲线与原信号同色，若直接用原色会被波形洩没；
		// 根据背景明暗把信号色向黑/白方向拉远，保证叠加后清晰可辨。
		const std::uint32_t derived =
		    IsDarkColor(m_theme->plotBg) ? MixColor(StyleColor(*resolved.style), 0xFFFFFFFFu, 0.62f)
		                                 : MixColor(StyleColor(*resolved.style), 0xFF000000u, 0.58f);
		gd::Pen pen(ToGdiColor(derived), std::max(1.8f, resolved.style->lineWidth + 0.8f) * m_scale);
		pen.SetLineJoin(gd::LineJoinRound);
		pen.SetStartCap(gd::LineCapRound);
		pen.SetEndCap(gd::LineCapRound);
		for (std::size_t k = 0; k < breaks.size(); ++k)
		{
			const std::size_t start = breaks[k];
			const std::size_t stop = (k + 1 < breaks.size()) ? breaks[k + 1] : points.size();
			if (stop <= start + 1)
			{
				continue;
			}
			g.DrawLines(&pen, points.data() + start, static_cast<INT>(stop - start));
		}
	}

	void PlotView::PaintEdgeCursor(gd::Graphics& g, const std::vector<LaneVisual>& lanes)
	{
		if (m_tab == nullptr || m_dataSet == nullptr)
		{
			return;
		}

		std::vector<Lane>& tabLanes = m_tab->Lanes();
		const std::size_t count = std::min(lanes.size(), tabLanes.size());
		const std::uint32_t color = CursorColor(1);
		const bool dark = IsDarkColor(color);

		// ---- 横向光标（线与两端把手 + 左侧幅值读数）----
		for (std::size_t index = 0; index < count; ++index)
		{
			Lane& tabLane = tabLanes[index];
			if (!tabLane.edgeCount)
			{
				continue;
			}
			const LaneVisual& visual = lanes[index];
			const float clipTop = std::max(visual.rect.Y, m_plotRect.Y);
			const float clipBottom =
			    std::min(visual.rect.Y + visual.rect.Height, m_plotRect.Y + m_plotRect.Height);
			if (clipBottom <= clipTop)
			{
				continue;
			}

			// 首次绘制时把横向光标落在可见幅值范围的中点。
			if (!tabLane.edgeValueValid)
			{
				tabLane.edgeValue = (visual.yMin + visual.yMax) * 0.5;
				tabLane.edgeValueValid = true;
			}

			const float lineY =
			    std::max(clipTop, std::min(ValueToY(tabLane.edgeValue, visual), clipBottom));
			const float left = visual.rect.X;
			const float right = visual.rect.X + visual.rect.Width;

			// 横线与纵向光标同色同宽；两端各画一个尖端朝内的三角把手。
			UiDrawLine(g, left, lineY, right, lineY, color, 1.4f * m_scale);
			const float arm = 5.0f * m_scale;
			gd::SolidBrush handle(ToGdiColor(color));
			gd::PointF leftHandle[3];
			leftHandle[0] = gd::PointF(left, lineY - arm);
			leftHandle[1] = gd::PointF(left, lineY + arm);
			leftHandle[2] = gd::PointF(left + arm * 1.4f, lineY);
			g.FillPolygon(&handle, leftHandle, 3);
			gd::PointF rightHandle[3];
			rightHandle[0] = gd::PointF(right, lineY - arm);
			rightHandle[1] = gd::PointF(right, lineY + arm);
			rightHandle[2] = gd::PointF(right - arm * 1.4f, lineY);
			g.FillPolygon(&handle, rightHandle, 3);

			// 幅值读数：靠网格左侧、纵向居中于横线（与纵向光标的时间读数同款胶囊）。
			const std::wstring text = FormatValue(tabLane.edgeValue);
			const float textWidth = std::max(
			    56.0f * m_scale, UiMeasureTextWidth(m_fonts->monoSmall, text) + 16.0f * m_scale);
			const float textHeight = 18.0f * m_scale;
			const float labelLeft = left + 3.0f * m_scale;
			const float labelTop =
			    std::max(clipTop + 1.0f * m_scale, std::min(lineY - textHeight * 0.5f,
			                                                clipBottom - textHeight - 1.0f * m_scale));
			const gd::RectF labelRect(labelLeft, labelTop, textWidth, textHeight);
			UiFillRoundRect(g, labelRect, 3.0f * m_scale, WithAlpha(color, 0xE0));
			DrawLabelOutline(g, labelRect, 3.0f * m_scale, dark);
			UiText(g, text, m_fonts->monoSmall, labelRect, dark ? 0xFFFDF6E3u : 0xFF073642u,
			       TextAlign::CENTER);
		}

		// ---- 统计浮动面板（最后绘制，覆盖在波形之上）----
		// 「边沿计数」与「边沿计数（中心轴）」共用同一套样式，仅标题、统计口径与底部编辑行不同。
		for (int pass = 0; pass < 2; ++pass)
		{
			const bool centerAxis = (pass == 1);
			for (std::size_t index = 0; index < count; ++index)
			{
				const Lane& tabLane = tabLanes[index];
				const EdgePanelLayout layout = EdgePanelLayoutFor(static_cast<int>(index), centerAxis);
				const gd::RectF& panel = layout.panel;
				if (panel.Width <= 0.0f || panel.Height <= 0.0f)
				{
					continue;
				}

				const float titleHeight = kEdgePanelTitleHeight * m_scale;
				const float rowHeight = kEdgePanelRowHeight * m_scale;
				const float pad = kEdgePanelPad * m_scale;

				// 面板主体 + 标题栏。
				UiFillRoundRect(g, gd::RectF(panel.X + 1.0f * m_scale, panel.Y + 2.0f * m_scale,
				                             panel.Width, panel.Height),
				                5.0f * m_scale, 0x14000000u);
				UiFillRoundRect(g, panel, 5.0f * m_scale, WithAlpha(m_theme->cardBg, 0xF4));
				UiDrawRoundRect(g, panel, 5.0f * m_scale, m_theme->borderStrong, 1.0f);
				UiFillRoundRect(g, gd::RectF(panel.X, panel.Y, panel.Width, titleHeight), 5.0f * m_scale,
				                WithAlpha(m_theme->accent, 0x2A));

				// 标题：与左侧信号面板一致的 “GX” 徽标。
				const float badgeWidth = kLaneBadgeWidth * m_scale;
				const float badgeHeight = kLaneBadgeHeight * m_scale;
				const gd::RectF badgeRect(panel.X + pad, panel.Y + (titleHeight - badgeHeight) * 0.5f,
				                          badgeWidth, badgeHeight);
				UiFillRoundRect(g, badgeRect, badgeHeight * 0.5f, m_theme->cardBg);
				UiDrawRoundRect(g, badgeRect, badgeHeight * 0.5f, m_theme->border, 1.0f);
				UiText(g, L"G" + std::to_wstring(index + 1), m_fonts->monoSmall, badgeRect,
				       m_theme->text, TextAlign::CENTER);
				const std::wstring title =
				    (centerAxis ? L"中心轴边沿计数" : L"边沿计数") + EdgeRangeSuffix();
				UiText(g, title, m_fonts->uiSmall,
				       gd::RectF(badgeRect.X + badgeRect.Width + 8.0f * m_scale, panel.Y,
				                 panel.Width - badgeRect.Width - 8.0f * m_scale - titleHeight,
				                 titleHeight),
				       m_theme->textStrong, TextAlign::LEFT);

				// 关闭按钮 ✕：悬停时高亮提示（鼠标光标本身不改变样式）。
				const gd::RectF& closeRect = layout.close;
				const bool closeHot =
				    (m_dragMode != PlotDragMode::EDGE_PANEL_MOVE) &&
				    UiPointInRect(closeRect, static_cast<float>(m_mouseX), static_cast<float>(m_mouseY));
				if (closeHot)
				{
					UiFillRoundRect(g, gd::RectF(closeRect.X + 3.0f * m_scale, closeRect.Y + 3.0f * m_scale,
					                             closeRect.Width - 6.0f * m_scale,
					                             closeRect.Height - 6.0f * m_scale),
					                3.0f * m_scale, WithAlpha(m_theme->danger, 0x33));
				}
				const float crossPad = 8.0f * m_scale;
				const std::uint32_t crossColor = closeHot ? m_theme->danger : m_theme->textMuted;
				UiDrawLine(g, closeRect.X + crossPad, closeRect.Y + crossPad,
				           closeRect.X + closeRect.Width - crossPad,
				           closeRect.Y + closeRect.Height - crossPad, crossColor, 1.6f * m_scale);
				UiDrawLine(g, closeRect.X + closeRect.Width - crossPad, closeRect.Y + crossPad,
				           closeRect.X + crossPad, closeRect.Y + closeRect.Height - crossPad, crossColor,
				           1.6f * m_scale);

				// 每个信号两行：名称（信号色）+ 上升沿/下降沿数量。
				float rowY = panel.Y + titleHeight + pad;
				for (const SignalRef& ref : tabLane.signals)
				{
					const ResolvedSignal resolved = ResolveSignal(ref);
					if (resolved.data == nullptr || resolved.style == nullptr || !resolved.visible)
					{
						continue;
					}
					const std::uint32_t signalColor = StyleColor(*resolved.style);
					const float textWidth = panel.Width - pad * 2.0f;
					// 名称与统计数字一律完整绘制（不省略）：面板宽度已按文本实测宽度确定。
					UiText(g, resolved.data->Title(), m_fonts->uiSmall,
					       gd::RectF(panel.X + pad, rowY, textWidth, rowHeight), signalColor,
					       TextAlign::LEFT);

					std::size_t rising = 0;
					std::size_t falling = 0;
					if (centerAxis)
					{
						EdgeCenterCountsFor(*resolved.file, *resolved.data, tabLane.edgeCenterSmooth,
						                    EdgeRangeActive(), EdgeRangeMin(), EdgeRangeMax(), rising,
						                    falling);
					}
					else
					{
						EdgeCountsFor(*resolved.file, *resolved.data, tabLane.edgeValue,
						              EdgeRangeActive(), EdgeRangeMin(), EdgeRangeMax(), rising, falling);
					}
					const std::wstring counts = L"上升沿 " + std::to_wstring(rising) + L"    下降沿 " +
					                            std::to_wstring(falling);
					UiText(g, counts, m_fonts->monoSmall,
					       gd::RectF(panel.X + pad, rowY + rowHeight, textWidth, rowHeight),
					       m_theme->textMuted, TextAlign::LEFT);
					rowY += rowHeight * 2.0f;
				}

				// 中心轴面板底部固定一行「平滑点数」编辑设置（始终位于面板最下方）。
				if (centerAxis)
				{
					const gd::RectF& editRect = layout.edit;
					if (editRect.Width > 0.0f)
					{
						const float fieldGap = kEdgePanelEditFieldGap * m_scale;
						const std::wstring label = L"平滑点数 N";
						const float labelWidth = UiMeasureTextWidth(m_fonts->uiSmall, label);
						UiText(g, label, m_fonts->uiSmall,
						       gd::RectF(editRect.X, editRect.Y, labelWidth, editRect.Height),
						       m_theme->text, TextAlign::LEFT);

						const float fieldWidth = std::max(
						    kEdgePanelEditFieldWidth * m_scale,
						    UiMeasureTextWidth(m_fonts->monoSmall,
						                       std::to_wstring(tabLane.edgeCenterSmooth)) +
						        20.0f * m_scale);
						const float fieldLeft = editRect.X + editRect.Width - fieldWidth;
						const float fieldHeight = editRect.Height - 6.0f * m_scale;
						const gd::RectF fieldRect(fieldLeft, editRect.Y + 3.0f * m_scale, fieldWidth,
						                          fieldHeight);

						const bool editingThis =
						    (m_editTarget == PlotEditTarget::EDGE_CENTER_SMOOTH &&
						     m_editLane == static_cast<int>(index));
						if (editingThis)
						{
							UiDrawEditField(g, fieldRect, m_edit, m_fonts->monoSmall, m_scale);
						}
						else
						{
							UiFillRoundRect(g, fieldRect, 3.0f * m_scale, m_theme->pressed);
							UiDrawRoundRect(g, fieldRect, 3.0f * m_scale, m_theme->border, 1.0f);
							UiText(g, std::to_wstring(tabLane.edgeCenterSmooth), m_fonts->monoSmall,
							       fieldRect, m_theme->textStrong, TextAlign::CENTER);
						}
						(void)labelWidth;
						(void)fieldGap;
					}
				}
			}
		}
	}

	void PlotView::PaintEditField(gd::Graphics& g)
	{
		const gd::RectF fieldRect = EditFieldRect();
		if (fieldRect.Width <= 0.0f || fieldRect.Height <= 0.0f)
		{
			return;
		}

		// 编辑态：强调色外框 + 选区高亮 + 插入符，首次键入即整体替换（与常规输入框一致）。
		UiDrawEditField(g, fieldRect, m_edit, m_fonts->monoSmall, m_scale);
	}

	void PlotView::PaintSignalInteraction(gd::Graphics& g)
	{
		if (m_tab == nullptr || m_dataSet == nullptr || m_lanes.empty())
		{
			return;
		}

		// 拖拽中：虚影跟随鼠标纵向位移，同时在目标网格内高亮落点。
		if (m_dragMode == PlotDragMode::MOVE_SIGNAL && m_dragSignal.IsValid())
		{
			const ResolvedSignal resolved = ResolveSignal(m_dragSignal);
			const int sourceLane = m_tab->LaneOfSignal(m_dragSignal);
			if (resolved.data == nullptr || resolved.style == nullptr || sourceLane < 0 ||
			    sourceLane >= static_cast<int>(m_lanes.size()))
			{
				return;
			}

			// 虚影：以源网格的幅值映射构建波形，再按鼠标位移整体平移。
			// 第一帧位移为 0，因此虚影必然精确落在鼠标下方（曲线形态与抓住时完全一致）；
			// 之后纵向与横向均自由跟随，形成“拖着曲线走”的观感。
			const LaneVisual& sourceVisual = m_lanes[static_cast<std::size_t>(sourceLane)];
			const float offsetX = static_cast<float>(m_dragMouseX - m_dragStartX);
			const float offsetY = static_cast<float>(m_dragMouseY - m_dragStartY);

			{
				const int saveState = g.Save();
				g.SetClip(gd::RectF(m_plotRect.X, m_plotRect.Y, m_plotRect.Width, m_plotRect.Height),
				          gd::CombineModeIntersect);

				// 虚影的几何与源网格里的信号完全一致，直接复用折线顶点缓存，
				// 再用平移变换让整体跟随鼠标：避免每帧重新构建并逐点搬运上万顶点。
				const PolylineCacheEntry* ghostSource = AcquirePolyline(m_dragSignal, resolved, sourceVisual);
				if (ghostSource == nullptr)
				{
					g.Restore(saveState);
					return;
				}
				const std::vector<gd::PointF>& points = ghostSource->points;
				const std::vector<std::size_t>& breaks = ghostSource->breaks;

				g.TranslateTransform(offsetX, offsetY);

				const DrawMode mode = resolved.style->mode;
				const bool drawLine = (mode != DrawMode::SCATTER);
				const bool drawScatter = (mode == DrawMode::SCATTER || mode == DrawMode::LINE_SCATTER);

				// 虚影保持原信号的颜色与样式（不再是虚线），仅以轻微透明区分“尚未落地”。
				const std::uint32_t ghostColor = WithAlpha(resolved.style->color,
				                                           static_cast<unsigned int>(
				                                               std::max(0.35, static_cast<double>(resolved.style->opacity)) *
				                                               255.0 + 0.5));

				if (drawLine && !breaks.empty())
				{
					gd::Pen ghost(ToGdiColor(ghostColor),
					              std::max(1.0f, resolved.style->lineWidth) * m_scale);
					ghost.SetLineJoin(gd::LineJoinRound);
					ghost.SetStartCap(gd::LineCapRound);
					ghost.SetEndCap(gd::LineCapRound);
					for (std::size_t k = 0; k < breaks.size(); ++k)
					{
						const std::size_t start = breaks[k];
						const std::size_t stop = (k + 1 < breaks.size()) ? breaks[k + 1] : points.size();
						if (stop <= start + 1)
						{
							continue;
						}
						g.DrawLines(&ghost, points.data() + start, static_cast<INT>(stop - start));
					}
				}

				if (drawScatter && !points.empty())
				{
					const float radius = static_cast<float>(
					    ClampDouble(static_cast<double>(resolved.style->lineWidth) * kScatterRadiusScale,
					                kMinScatterRadius, kMaxScatterRadius) *
					    m_scale);
					const std::size_t scatterStride =
					    std::max<std::size_t>(1, points.size() / kMaxScatterPoints);
					// 与主绘制一致：合并成一条路径一次填充，并显式使用缠绕规则避免重叠处出现空洞。
					gd::GraphicsPath ghostPath;
					ghostPath.SetFillMode(gd::FillModeWinding);
					for (std::size_t k = 0; k < points.size(); k += scatterStride)
					{
						ghostPath.AddEllipse(points[k].X - radius, points[k].Y - radius, radius * 2.0f,
						                     radius * 2.0f);
					}
					gd::SolidBrush brush(ToGdiColor(ghostColor));
					if (ghostPath.GetPointCount() > 0)
					{
						g.FillPath(&brush, &ghostPath);
					}
				}

				g.Restore(saveState);
			}

			// 落点提示：高亮鼠标所在网格并给出文字说明。
			const int target = (m_dragTargetLane >= 0) ? m_dragTargetLane : sourceLane;
			if (target >= 0 && target < static_cast<int>(m_lanes.size()))
			{
				const gd::RectF& targetRect = m_lanes[static_cast<std::size_t>(target)].rect;
				const float visibleTop = std::max(targetRect.Y, m_plotRect.Y);
				const float visibleBottom = std::min(targetRect.Y + targetRect.Height,
				                                     m_plotRect.Y + m_plotRect.Height);
				if (visibleBottom > visibleTop)
				{
					gd::Pen frame(ToGdiColor(m_theme->accent), 2.0f);
					g.DrawRectangle(&frame, targetRect.X, visibleTop, targetRect.Width,
					                visibleBottom - visibleTop);

					const std::wstring hint = (target == sourceLane)
					                              ? std::wstring(L"松开左键放回本网格")
					                              : (L"移动到网格 " + std::to_wstring(target + 1) +
					                                 L"：松开左键确认");
					const float textWidth = UiTextWidth(g, hint, m_fonts->uiSmall) + 16.0f * m_scale;
					const float height = 20.0f * m_scale;
					float left = targetRect.X + (targetRect.Width - textWidth) * 0.5f;
					left = std::max(m_plotRect.X, std::min(left, m_plotRect.X + m_plotRect.Width - textWidth));
					const gd::RectF pill(left, visibleTop + 4.0f * m_scale, textWidth, height);
					UiFillRoundRect(g, pill, 3.0f * m_scale, m_theme->accent);
					UiText(g, hint, m_fonts->uiSmall, pill, m_theme->textOnAccent, TextAlign::CENTER);
				}
			}
			return;
		}

		// 悬停提示：光标贴近曲线时给出可拖拽说明（与时间光标的提示方式一致）。
		if (!m_hoverSignal.IsValid())
		{
			return;
		}
		const int laneIndex = m_tab->LaneOfSignal(m_hoverSignal);
		if (laneIndex < 0 || laneIndex >= static_cast<int>(m_lanes.size()))
		{
			return;
		}
		const ResolvedSignal resolved = ResolveSignal(m_hoverSignal);
		if (resolved.data == nullptr)
		{
			return;
		}

		const LaneVisual& lane = m_lanes[static_cast<std::size_t>(laneIndex)];
		const std::wstring text = resolved.data->Title() + L" · 按住拖拽可移入其它网格";

		// 提示跟随鼠标：在可拖拽区域内持续移动时，提示条也要跟着走。
		const float textWidth = UiTextWidth(g, text, m_fonts->uiSmall) + 16.0f * m_scale;
		const float height = 20.0f * m_scale;
		float left = static_cast<float>(m_mouseX) + 12.0f * m_scale;
		if (left + textWidth > m_plotRect.X + m_plotRect.Width)
		{
			left = m_plotRect.X + m_plotRect.Width - textWidth;
		}
		left = std::max(m_plotRect.X, left);

		float top = static_cast<float>(m_mouseY) + 14.0f * m_scale;
		top = std::min(top, m_plotRect.Y + m_plotRect.Height - height - 2.0f * m_scale);
		top = std::max(top, lane.rect.Y + 2.0f * m_scale);

		const gd::RectF pill(left, top, textWidth, height);
		UiFillRoundRect(g, pill, 3.0f * m_scale, WithAlpha(m_theme->readoutBg, 0xF2));
		UiDrawRoundRect(g, pill, 3.0f * m_scale, m_theme->accent, 1.0f);
		UiText(g, text, m_fonts->uiSmall, pill, m_theme->textStrong, TextAlign::CENTER);
	}

	void PlotView::PaintScrollBar(gd::Graphics& g)
	{
		if (!m_scrollBarVisible || m_laneContentHeight <= m_plotRect.Height)
		{
			return;
		}

		UiFillRoundRect(g, m_scrollBarRect, kScrollBarThickness * m_scale * 0.5f, m_theme->gridWeak);

		const float ratio = std::min(1.0f, m_plotRect.Height / m_laneContentHeight);
		const float thumbHeight = std::max(24.0f * m_scale, m_scrollBarRect.Height * ratio);
		const float maxScroll = m_laneContentHeight - m_plotRect.Height;
		const float progress = (maxScroll > 0.0f) ? (Tab().LaneScroll() / maxScroll) : 0.0f;
		const float thumbY = m_scrollBarRect.Y + progress * (m_scrollBarRect.Height - thumbHeight);

		const gd::RectF thumb(m_scrollBarRect.X, thumbY, m_scrollBarRect.Width, thumbHeight);
		UiFillRoundRect(g, thumb, kScrollBarThickness * m_scale * 0.5f, m_theme->borderStrong);
	}

} // namespace jdi